Patent Assignment
Reel/Frame 045460/0278
Change of Name
Recorded: 2018-02-27
Pages: 15
Assignor
DOW CORNING CORPORATION
Executed: 2018-02-01
Assignee
DOW SILICONES CORPORATION
2200 WEST SALZBURG ROAD, MIDLAND, MICHIGAN, 48686
Covered Properties
(353)
Method for Making Polysiloxane Emulsions
Patent:
6,316,541 →
Application:
08/270,345 →
Process for Making Hydrophobic Silica with Reduced Surface Area Under Neutral Conditions
Patent:
5,942,590 →
Application:
09/022,282 →
Process for the Preparation of Alkylhalosilanes
Patent:
5,880,307 →
Application:
09/024,378 →
Storage-Stable Water-Repellent Composition for Masonry Materials
Patent:
5,919,296 →
Application:
09/050,389 →
Method for Grinding Silicon Metalloid
Patent:
6,019,667 →
Application:
09/084,275 →
Method for Producing Hydrogenated Silicon Oxycarbide Films Having Low Dielectric Constant
Patent:
6,159,871 →
Application:
09/086,811 →
Dielectric Lubricant and Spark Plug Boot Including the Same
Patent:
6,635,605 →
Application:
09/097,123 →
Method for Selecting Silicon Metalloid Having Improved Performance in the Direct Process for Making Organohalosilanes
Patent:
5,973,177 →
Application:
09/123,972 →
Sheet and Tube Polymers with Pendant Siloxane Groups
Patent:
6,013,740 →
Application:
09/140,902 →
Process for Converting Polymeric Silicon Containing Compounds to Monosilanes
Patent:
5,907,050 →
Application:
09/163,492 →
Thermoplastic Silicone Vulcanizates Prepared by Condensation Cure
Patent:
6,153,691 →
Application:
09/167,337 →
Redistributing Silalkylenes in an Alkyl-Rich Silalkylene-Containing Residue
Patent:
6,013,824 →
Application:
09/205,317 →
Stable, Constant Particle Size, Aqueous Emulsions of Nonpolar Silanes Suitable for Use in Water Repellence Applications
Patent:
6,074,470 →
Application:
09/209,521 →
Printable Compositions, and Their Application to Dielectric Surfaces Used in the Manufacture of Printed Circuit Boards
Patent:
7,022,266 →
Application:
09/242,388 →
Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Compositions for Transdermal Drug Delivery Devices
Patent:
6,337,086 →
Application:
09/245,687 →
Method of Making Silicone Polyether Copolymers Having Reduced Odor
Patent:
6,162,888 →
Application:
09/312,795 →
Stable, Constant Particle Size, Aqueous Emulsions of Nonpolar Silanes Suitable for Use in Water Repellence Applications
Patent:
6,103,001 →
Application:
09/323,325 →
Process for Manufacturing Methyl Chloride
Patent:
6,111,153 →
Application:
09/323,411 →
Emulsion Containing Silicone Particles of Large Size
Patent:
6,235,834 →
Application:
09/352,005 →
Conversion of Direct Process High-Boiling Residue to Monosilanes
Patent:
6,013,235 →
Application:
09/356,659 →
Amine-, Polyol-, Amide-Functional Siloxane Copolymers and Methods for Their Preparation
Patent:
6,255,429 →
Application:
09/389,143 →
Polymerisation Catalyst and Polymerisation Process
Patent:
6,448,196 →
Application:
09/458,244 →
Polymerization of Siloxanes
Patent:
6,353,075 →
Application:
09/458,245 →
Polymerization of Siloxanes
Patent:
6,284,859 →
Application:
09/458,251 →
Thermoplastic silicone elastomers formed from nylon resins
Patent:
6,362,287 →
Application:
09/535,556 →
Silicone Coatings Containing Silicone Mist Suppressant Compositions
Patent:
6,489,407 →
Application:
09/599,689 →
Organosilicon water repellent compositions
Patent:
6,323,268 →
Application:
09/604,714 →
Silicone Foam Control Compositions
Patent:
6,512,015 →
Application:
09/607,479 →
Thermoplastic silicone elastomers from compatibilized polyamide resins
Patent:
6,362,288 →
Application:
09/616,625 →
Silicone composition and electrically conductive silicone adhesive formed therefrom
Patent:
6,361,716 →
Application:
09/620,179 →
Silicone coated textile fabrics
Patent:
6,354,620 →
Application:
09/634,469 →
Siloxane-Grafted Hydrocarbon Copolymers
Patent:
6,420,485 →
Application:
09/637,165 →
Method for Producing Hydrogenated Silicon Oxycarbide Films Having Low Dielectric Constant
Patent:
6,593,655 →
Application:
09/639,410 →
Adhesive and Encapsulating Material with Fluxing Properties
Patent:
6,971,163 →
Application:
09/673,992 →
Thermoplastic Silicone Elastomers Formed from Polyester Resins
Method of making hydroxy end-terminated linear siloxanes
Patent:
6,316,655 →
Application:
09/785,685 →
Semiconductor Package and Method of Preparing Same
Silicone Composition and Thermally Conductive Cured Silicone Product
Patent:
6,448,329 →
Application:
09/796,225 →
Polyolefin Thermoplastic Silicone Elastomers Employing Radical Cure
Patent:
6,479,580 →
Application:
09/843,906 →
Thermoplastic Silicone Elastomers Employing Radical Cure
Patent:
6,465,552 →
Application:
09/845,971 →
Fire Resistant Thermoplastic Silicone Vulcanizates
Dissipation of Heat from a Circuit Board Having Bare Silicon Chips Mounted Thereon
Patent:
6,531,771 →
Application:
09/890,602 →
Process for the Preparation of Sulfur-Containing Organosilicon Compounds
Patent:
6,384,255 →
Application:
09/895,700 →
Preparation of Sulfur-Containing Organosilicon Compounds Using a Buffered Phase Transfer Catalysis Process
Process for the Preparation of Sulfur-Containing Organosilicon Compounds
Patent:
6,384,256 →
Application:
09/895,720 →
Process for the Preparation of Sulfur-Containing Organosilicon Compounds
Patent:
6,448,426 →
Application:
09/895,721 →
Adhesives for Semiconductor Applications Efficient Processes for Producing Such Devices and the Devices Per Se Produced by the Efficient Processes
Die Attach Adhesives for Semiconductor Applications Efficient Processes for Producing Such Devices and the Devices Per Se Produced by the Efficient Processes
Silicone Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Compositions
H:Sioc Coated Substrates
Silicone Release Coating Compositions
Process for Producing Organosilanes
Patent:
6,500,977 →
Application:
09/995,045 →
Silicon Based Quaternary Ammonium Functional Compositions and Their Applications
Patent:
6,607,717 →
Application:
10/001,753 →
Silicon Based Quaternary Ammonium Functional Compositions and Methods for Making Them
Patent:
6,482,969 →
Application:
10/001,760 →
Thermoplastic Silicone Elastomers from Compatibilized Polyamide Resins
Thermoplastic Silicone Elastomers Formed from Nylon Resins
Alkene-Platinum-Silyl Complexes
Certain Silicone Polyethers, Methods for Making Them and Uses
Thermoplastic Silicone Elastomers from Compatibilized Polyester Resins
Patent:
6,569,958 →
Application:
10/043,776 →
Thermoplastic Silcone Elastomers from Compatibilized Polyamide Resins
Patent:
6,569,955 →
Application:
10/043,907 →
Coating Compositions and Textile Fabrics Coated Therewith
Patent:
6,709,752 →
Application:
10/049,462 →
Apparatus and Method for Increasing Density of Finely Divided Particulate Matter
Methods for Making Silicone-Organic Copolymers
Silicone Dispersions
Patent:
6,656,975 →
Application:
10/152,514 →
Planar Optical Waveguide Assembly and Method of Preparing Same
Planar Optical Waveguide Assembly and Method of Preparing Same
Thermal Interface Materials and Methods for Their Preparation and Use
Polyamide Based Thermoplastic Silicone Elastomers
Method of Making Mercaptoalkylalkoxysilanes
Patent:
6,680,398 →
Application:
10/219,080 →
Silicone Elastomers Compositions
Heat Softening Thermally Conductive Compositions and Methods for Their Preparation
Coating Composition
Thermoplastic Polyurethane-Silicone Elastomers
Method of Making Sulfur Containing Organosilicon Compounds
Method of Making Emulsion Containing Quaternary Ammonium Functional Silanes and Siloxanes
Silicone Coatings Containing Silicone Mist Suppressant Compositions
Method of Making Silicone Resin Emulsions
Patent:
6,737,444 →
Application:
10/346,544 →
Method of Making Siloxane-Based Polyamide Elastomers
Method of Making a Ceramic Article
Clay Composition
Protective Coating Composition
Hydrosilylation Process
High Refractive Index Polysiloxanes and Their Preparation
Organohydrogensilicon Compounds
Compositions Having Improved Bath Life
Silicone Foam Control Compositions
Siloxane Based Amide Modified Nylons
Branched Polymers from Organohydrogensilicon Compounds
Branched Polymers from Organohydrogensilicon Compounds
Method for Producing Hydrogenated Silicon-Oxycarbide Films
Solventless Silicone Pressure Sensitive Adhesives with Improved High Temperature Cohesive Strength
Method for Producing Silicone Rubber, Aqueous Emulsion for Silicone Rubber, and Method for Producing Same
Organosiloxane Compositions
Method of Preparing Emulsions Containing Elastomeric Silanes and Siloxanes Having Quaternary Ammonium Groups
Silsesquioxane Resin
Mechanical Inversion Process for Marking Silicone Oil-in-Water Emulsions
Process for Preparing Cyclic Organohydrogensiloxanes
Encapsulation of solar cells
Aminofunctional Silicone Resins and Emulsions Containing Them
Thermally Conductive Grease and Methods and Devices in Which Said Grease Is Used
Polymeric Products Useful as Oil Repellents
Controlled-Release Composition for Topical Application and a Method of Delivering an Active Agent to a Substrate
Method for Adhering Silicone Gels to Plastics
Liquid Crystal Materials
Mq-T Propyl Siloxane Resins
Mq and T-Propyl Siloxane Resins Compositions
Process for Making Filled Silicone Rubber Compositions
Method of Selecting Silicon Having Improved Performance
Silsesquioxane Resin Wax
Adhesives Having Improved Chemical Resistance and Curable Silicone Compositions for Preparing the Adhesives
Hydrolysis of Chlorosilanes
Planar Optical Waveguide Assembly
Silicones Having Improved Chemical Resistance and Curable Silicone Compositions Having Improved Migration Resistance
Adhesives Having Improved Chemical Resistance and Curable Silicone Compositions for Preparing the Adhesives
Emulsions of Organopolysiloxane Resins Produced by Emulsion Polymerization
Radiation Sensitive Silicone Resin Composition
Polysiloxanes and Their Preparation
Coated Substrates and Methods for Their Preparation
Process of Stabilising Siloxane Polymers
Coated Substrates and Methods for Their Preparation
Conductive Curable Compositions
Silicone Polyether-Amide Block Copolymers
Method for Forming Anti-Reflective Coating
Siloxanes and Silanes Cured by Organoborane Amine Complexes
Polymer Particles and Encapsulated Compositions Using Organoborane Amine Complexes
Reactive Distillation of Chlorosilanes
Architectural Coating Compositions Containing Silicone Resins
Organosiloxane Compositions
Organosiloxane Compositions
Organosiloxane Compositions
Organosiloxane Compositions
Organosiloxane Compositions
Organosiloxane Compositions
Adhesion of Fluorosilicone Rubber
Cosmetic and Skin-Care Compositions Comprising Saccharide-Siloxane Copolymers
Amino-Mercapto Functional Organopolysiloxanes
Structural Attachment Media
Aldehyde Functional Siloxanes
Release Coating Compositions Having Improved Release Force Profiles
Ambient Lithographic Method Using Organoborane Amine Complexes
Hydrophobing Minerals and Filler Materials
Organosiloxane Compositions
Fluid Transfer Assembly
Separation of Chlorosilanes
Silicone Elastomer Gels
Silicone Polyether Elastomer Gels
Silicone-Organic Elastomer Gels
Borane Catalyst Complexes with Amide Functional Polymers and Curable Compositions Made Therefrom
Novel Silicone Film Former for Delivery of Actives
Microcapsules From Emulsion Polymerization of Tetraalkoxysilane
Process for Making and Using Foam Control Compositions
Insulating Glass Unit with an Electronic Device and Process for Its Production
Silicone Acrylate Hybride Composition and Method of Making Same
Process for the Preparation of Solid Solventless Mq Resins
Silicone Resins, Silicone Composition, and Coated Substrates
Silsesquioxane Resin Systems with Base Additives Bearing Electron-Attracting Functionalities
Curable Organosilicon Composition
Method of Preparing a Patterned Film with a Developing Solvent
Silicone Release Coating Compositions
Silicone Mq Resin Reinforced Silicone Elastomer Emulsions
Composition Comprising Neopentasilane and Method of Preparing Same
Fillers, Pigments and Mineral Powders Treated with Organopolysiloxanes
Aqueous Emulsions of Silicone Resins
Cementitious Materials
Dual Curing Polymers and Methods for Their Preparation and Use
Polynuclear Microcapsules
Filler Treating Agents Based on Hydrogen Bonding Polyorganosiloxanes
Heteroelement Siloxane Compounds and Polymers
Polymer And Polymer Compositions
Polymer Compositions
Release Coating Composition and Method of Forming the Same
Polymeric Products Useful as Oil Repellents
Silicone Organic Elastomer Gels from Organopolysiloxane Resins
Method to Manufacture Large Uniform Ingots of Silicon Carbide by Sublimation/Condensation Processes
Silsesquioxane Resins and Method of Using Them to Form an Antireflective Coating
Method of Dehydrating Acetic Acid
Organosiloxane Compositions
Method of Measuring Dents and Method of Classifying Dents
Process for the Preparation of Haloalkylalkoxysilanes and Haloalkylhalosilanes
Silsesquioxane Resins
Deposition Of Lipophilic Active Material In Surfactant Containing Compositions
Preparation of Silicone Microemulsions
Method of Reducing Memory Effects in Semiconductor Epitaxy
Coating Compositions
Hot Melt Adhesive Compositions And Methods For Their Preparation and Use
Modified Polyolefins
Polymers Modified by Silanes
Composite Article
Polysiloxane Redistribution Process
Emulsion of metallized particles comprising a compound having a pendant Si-H group
Cvd Precursors
Process for Preparing Silicate Shell Microcapsules
Fabric And Fibre Conditioning Additives
Silanes Blend
Aminofunctional Endblocked Silicone Polyether Copolymers In Personal Care Compositions
Preparation Of Siloxanes
Suspensions of Silicate Shell Microcapsules for Temperature Controlled Release
Switchable Antireflective Coatings
Silicone Paste Compositions
Thermally Conductive Grease and Methods and Devices in Which Said Grease is Used
Method of Forming a Non-Random Copolymer
Bodied Siloxane Resin Including M, Q, and T-Propyl Units and Capped with Additional M Units
Amino-Mercapto Functional Organopolysiloxanes
Method for Forming Anti-Reflective Coating
Supply Chain Risk Management Method and Device
Hydrosilylation Cured Organosiloxanes Having Diluent Therein
Branched Organopolysiloxanes
Single Phase Silicone Acrylate Formulation
Silicone Acrylate Hybrid Composition and Method of Making Same
Method for the Preparation and Use of Bis (Alkoxysilylorgano)-Dicarboxylates
Continuous Process For Polymerization And Emulsification Of Siloxane
Encapsulation of Solar Cells
Gunnable Adhesive Composition For Use In Construction Membrane Applications
Antimicrobial Quaternary Ammonium Organosilane Compositions
Method And Materials For Double Patterning
Granulated Dry Cleanser For The Care Of Keratinous Substrates
Aqueous Emulsions of Silicone Resins
Silicone Organic Elastomer Gels from Organopolysiloxane Resins
Method Of Producing An Aminoalkylalkoxysilane
Method Of Making Organohalosilanes
Silicone Compositions Comprising a Swollen Silicone Gel
Hydrophilically-Modified Silicone Compositions
Process for Preparing Clustered Functional Polyorganosiloxanes, and Methods for Their Use
Volatile Cyclic Siloxanes
Process For Preparing Amino-Mercapto Functional Organopolysiloxanes
Aqueous Emulsions of Alkylalkoxysilanes
Water-Dispersible Silicone Resins
Methods for Fabricating Flexible Waveguides Using Alkyl-Functional Silsesquioxane Resins
Silicone Coatings on Air Bags
Modified Polyolefins
Process For Forming Crosslinked and Branched Polymers
Organopolysiloxanes Containing an Unsaturated Group
Surface-Modified Hydrogels and Hydrogel Microparticles
Preparation Of Lignocellulosic Products
Reactive Amine-Functional Silicone-Polyether Block Copolymers
Method for Preparing a Diorganodihalosilane
Method of Manufacturing Substrates Having Improved Carrier Lifetimes
Saccharide Siloxanes Stable In Aqueous Environments And Methods For The Preparation And Use Of Such Saccharide Siloxanes
Emulsions of Aminofunctional Silicones
Saccharide Siloxane Copolymers and Methods for Their Preparation and Use
Emulsions Containing Saccharide Siloxane Copolymer Emulsifiers and Methods for Their Preparation and Use
Organosiloxane Block Copolymer
Process for Preparing Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
Thermally Stable Compositions Containing Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
High Refractive Index Compositions Containing Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
Process For Preparing An Acryloyloxysilane
Solids Passivation
Method Of Preparing A Bodied Siloxane Resin Including M, Q, And T-Propyl Units And Capped With Additional M Units
Polynuclear Microcapsules
Process for Removing an Impurity from a Siloxane
Method of Making a Trihalosilane
Controlling Morphology of Block Copolymers
Method to Reduce Dislocations in Sic Crystal Growth
High Voltage Power Semiconductor Devices on Sic
Flat Sic Semiconductor Substrate
A Method for Growing a Sic Crystal by Vapor Deposition Onto a Seed Crystal Provided on a Supporting Shelf Which Permits Thermal Expansion
Method Of Forming An MT-Propyl Siloxane Resin
Curable Organosiloxane Block Copolymer Emulsions
High Temperature Stable Thermally Conductive Materials
Method Of Forming Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Compounds
Wafer Bonding System and Method for Bonding and Debonding Thereof
Bi-Modal Emulsions
Bi-Modal Emulsions
Emulsion Polymerisation Method
Organosiloxane Compositions
Photo-Patternable and Developable Silsesquioxane Resins for Use in Device Fabrication
Metal Containing Condensation Reaction Catalysts, Methods for Preparing the Catalysts, and Compositions Containing the Catalysts
A Method for Growing a Sic Crystal by Vapor Deposition Onto a Seed Crystal Provided on a Support Shelf Which Permits Thermal Expansion
Gypsum Materials
Zinc Containing Complex and Condensation Reaction Catalysts, Methods for Preparing the Catalysts, and Compositions Containing the Catalysts
Epoxy-Functional Radiation-Curable Composition Containing an Epoxy-Functional Siloxane Oligomer for Enhanced Film Retention and Adhesion During Solvent Development
Titanium Containing Complex and Condensation Reaction Catalysts, Methods for Preparing the Catalysts, and Compositions Containing the Catalysts
Zirconium Containing Complex and Condensation Reaction Catalysts, Methods for Preparing the Catalysts, and Compositions Containing the Catalysts
Iridium Containing Hydrosilylation Catalysts and Compositions Containing the Catalysts
Process for the Preparation of a Silicone Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive
SiC SUBSTRATE WITH SiC EPITAXIAL FILM
Process of Preparing a Siloxane Copolymer
Nickel Containing Hydrosilylation Catalysts and Compositions Containing the Catalysts
Ruthenium Containing Hydrosilylation Catalysts And Compositions Containing The Catalysts
Iron(II) Containing Complex and Condensation Reaction Catalysts, Methods for Preparing the Catalysts, and Compositions Containing the Catalysts
Iron(III) Containing Complex and Condensation Reaction Catalysts, Methods for Preparing the Catalysts, and Compositions Containing the Catalysts
Filled Silicone Compositions, Preparations And Uses Thereof
Pituitous Silicone Fluids
Cvd Precursors
Sealing System for Use in Variable Focus Lenses
Method for Preparing a Diorganodihalosilane
Hydrosilylation Reaction Catalysts and Curable Compositions and Methods for Their Preparation and Use
Process Of Preparing A Siloxane Copolymer
Water Repellent For Concrete
Aminofunctional Organosiloxanes
Ester-Functional Silanes And The Preparation And Use Thereof; And Use Of Iminium Compounds As Phase Transfer Catalysts
Hydrolysable Silanes And Elastomer Compositions Containing Them
Hydrolysable Silanes
Hydrolysable Silanes
Treatment Of Filler With Silane
Curable Compositions of Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
Heat-Transfer Textile Ink
Methods of Making Saccharide Siloxane Copolymers
Granulated Foam Control Agent For The Rinse Cycle Using Siloxane Wax
Light Guide and Associated Light Assemblies
Compositions of Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
Method of Forming Particles from an Oil-in-Water Emulsion
Amphiphilic Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
Compositions of Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
Compositions Comprising Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers and Organopolysiloxanes
Compositions of Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
Compositions of Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
Water Repellent Organosilicon Materials
Electrolytic Process To Silicides
Method of Separating a Gas Using at Least One Membrane in Contact with an Organosilicon Fluid
Organosiloxane Compositions
Thermally Conductive Condensation Reaction Curable Polyorganosiloxane Composition and Methods for the Preparation and Use of the Composition
Method Of Preparing An Organohalosilane
Aqueous Silicone Polyether Microemulsions
Fast Wetting Agent for Dry-Mix Applications
Method Of Preparing Halogenated Silahydrocarbylenes
Method of Forming an Electronic Article
High Voltage Power Semiconductor Device on Sic
Method for Manufacturing Sic Wafer Fit for Integration with Power Device Manufacturing Technology
Photovoltaic Cell Module and Method of Forming
Process for Preparing Silicate Shell Microcapsules
Flat Sic Semiconductor Substrate
Curable Silicone Compositions, Electrically Conductive Silicone Adhesives, Methods Of Making And Using Same, And Electrical Devices Containing Same
Composition For Forming An Article Having Excellent Reflectance And Flame Retardant Properties And Article Formed Therefrom
Bi-Modal Emulsions
Method of Forming a Hydrolysis Resistant Aqueous Emulsion
Air And Water Barrier
Stable Thermal Radical Curable Silicone Adhesive Compositions
Alkoxy-Functional Organopolysiloxane Resin and Polymer and Related Methods for Forming Same
Curable Silicone Compositions Comprising Clustered Functional Polyorganosiloxanes and Silicone Reactive Diluents
In Situ Method For Forming Thermally Conductive Thermal Radical Cure Silicone Composition
2-Aminoimidazole-Functional Silicone Compositions And Methods Of Making The Same
Conductive Silicone Materials and Uses
Curable Silicone Compositions, Electrically Conductive Silicone Adhesives, Methods of Making and Using Same, and Electrical Devices Containing Same
A Method of Preparing Dialkyl-, Diaryl-, and Alkylaryl-Dihalosilanes with High Selectivity in a Grignard Coupling Reaction
Light Emitting Assembly With Spectrum-Shifting Reflectance And Method
Metal Containing Condensation Reaction Catalysts, Methods for Preparing the Catalysts, and Compositions Containing the Catalysts
Method and Apparatus for Separating One or More Components from a Composition
Additive for a Silicone Encapsulant
Additive for a Silicone Encapsulant
Cross-Linked Composition and Method of Forming the Same
Cross-Linked Composition and Method of Forming the Same
Compositions of Resin-Linear Organosiloxane Block Copolymers
Method For Preparing A Halosilane
UV-Curable Silicone Composition, Cured Products Thereof, And Methods Of Using The Same
Selective Light Blocking Opto-Physical Materials And Optical Devices Including Such Selective Light Blocking Opto-Physical Materials
Method For Capping Mq-Type Silicone Resins
Emulsion Of Cross-linked Aminosiloxane Polymer
Organosiloxane Compositions
Process Of Synthesizing Diisopropylamino-Disilanes
Cross-Linked Aminosiloxane Polymer and Method of Forming
Air And Water Barrier