Treatment of pulmonary hypertension with leukotriene inhibitors
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) can be prevented in persons susceptible to the diseases and PAH patients can be treated by administering an effective dose of a leukotriene inhibitor. Suitable inhibitors include leukotriene A 4 hydrolase (LTA 4 H) inhibitors, leukotriene B 4 receptor (BLT1/BLT2) antagonists, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitors, and 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) inhibitors.
1. A method of treating pulmonary arterial hypertension in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising administering to said subject (2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof at a daily dose of 100-200 mg/day, wherein the daily dose is administered on consecutive days for at least a month.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the (2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered to the subject at a dose of 60 mg twice a day or 60 mg three times a day.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the (2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoic acid or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is present in a pharmaceutical formulation that comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said pulmonary arterial hypertension is immune dysregulated pulmonary arterial hypertension.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject has an elevated leukotriene B4 level at least two-fold higher relative to a subject not in need of said inhibitor.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining at least one of leukotriene B4 level, pulmonary vascular resistance, pulmonary arterial pressure, cardiac index, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, right atrial pressure, six-minute walk distance, brain natriuretic peptide level, diffusion of lung capacity, survival rate, or time to death after diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension following administration of said inhibitor.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the (2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered orally or via inhalation.
8. A method of treating pulmonary arterial hypertension in a subject in need thereof comprising:
a. determining the level of leukotriene B4 in a sample obtained from the subject;
b. comparing the level of leukotriene B4 in the sample to a control value determined from an individual not suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension or from the subject in need thereof prior to diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension;
c. selecting a subject having an elevated level of leukotriene B4 relative to the control value; and
d. administering to the subject selected in step c a therapeutically effective amount of (2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, thereby treating pulmonary arterial hypertension in the subject.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the sample is obtained from the breath, sputum, tissue, plasma, serum, or urine of the subject or the individual not suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the elevated level of leukotriene B4 is at least two-fold higher than the control value.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the control value is 400 pg/mL or less.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the control value is 100 pg/mL or less.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein the control value is 10 pg/mg of tissue or less.
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein the elevated level of leukotriene B4 is 100 pg/mL or higher.
15. The method of claim 8 , wherein the elevated level of leukotriene B4 is 10 pg/mg of tissue or more.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human.
17. The method of claim 8 , wherein the subject is a human.
18. A method of reversing established pulmonary arterial hypertension in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising:
administering to said subject (2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof at a daily dose of 100-200 mg/day, wherein the daily dose is administered on consecutive days for at least a month; wherein said treatment is effective in reversing established pulmonary arterial hypertension.