Method of reducing a level of metallic species contamination of a fluid
Sorption media for removal of contaminants from fluid streams are provided. The sorption media comprise an active compound bound or linked to a support substrate or matrix. Support substrates can include iron- and alumina-based materials. A method for making sorption media for the removal of contaminants from fluid streams is also described. The method includes selecting a support substrate, and, optionally, providing a doping mixture comprising an active compound. The selected support substrate can be contacted with the doping mixture to form a doped mixture. The doped mixture can be reacted at a predetermined temperature and atmospheric environment for a predetermined duration to form an active media, wherein the active compound is bound or linked to the support substrate.
1. A method of reducing a level of metallic species contamination of a fluid, the method comprising:
contacting the fluid including the metallic species contamination with a sorption media, wherein the sorption media comprises a sulfur species chemically bonded to a support substrate, wherein the support substrate comprises an iron species.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sulfur species is chemically bonded to the support substrate by at least one of an ionic bond and a covalent bond.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the support substrate includes at least one of an iron-, alumina-, silicon-, titanium, and carbon-based substrate.
4. The method of claim 1 , the support substrate further comprising a copper species.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the support substrate comprises alumina.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sulfur species comprises at least one of a sulfate, a sulfite, and a sulfide species.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid comprises an aqueous liquid.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic species contamination comprises at least one of arsenic, mercury, a D-block metal, and a heavy metal species.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic species contamination comprises at least one of selenium, nickel, barium, strontium, uranium, lead, titanium, zinc, and chromium species.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic species contamination comprises at least one ionic mercury species, the method further comprising selecting the sorption media for contacting the fluid from a plurality of sorption medias based on the sulfur species of the selected sorption media including a sulfide species.
11. A method of reducing a level of metallic species contamination of a fluid, the method comprising:
selecting a sorption media comprising a sulfate species chemically bonded to a support substrate for contacting the fluid from a plurality of sorption medias based on the metallic species contamination comprising at least one inorganic mercury species; and
contacting the fluid including the metallic species contamination with the selected sorption media.
12. A method of reducing a level of metallic species contamination of a fluid, the method comprising:
selecting a sorption media comprising a sulfate species and a sulfide species chemically bonded to a support substrate for contacting the fluid from a plurality of sorption medias based on the metallic species contamination comprising at least one inorganic mercury species and at least one ionic mercury species; and contacting the fluid including the metallic species contamination with the selected sorption media.
13. A method of reducing a level of metallic species contamination of a fluid, the method comprising:
selecting at least a first sorption media including a sulfate species chemically bonded to a first support substrate and a second sorption media including a sulfide species chemically bonded to a second support substrate for contacting the fluid from a plurality of sorption medias based on the metallic species contamination comprising at least one inorganic mercury species and at least one ionic mercury species; and
contacting the fluid including the metallic species contamination with the selected sorption medias.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the sorption media is entrained in a filter material.
15. A method of reducing a level of metallic species contamination of a fluid, the method comprising:
contacting the fluid including the metallic species contamination with a sorption media, wherein the sorption media comprises a sulfur species chemically bonded to a support substrate and wherein at least a portion of the sorption media is incorporated into a clay liner material.