Ion sources, systems and methods
Ion sources, systems and methods are disclosed. In some embodiments, the ion sources, systems and methods can exhibit relatively little undesired vibration and/or can sufficiently dampen undesired vibration. This can enhance performance (e.g., increase reliability, stability and the like). In certain embodiments, the ion sources, systems and methods can enhance the ability to make tips having desired physical attributes (e.g., the number of atoms on the apex of the tip). This can enhance performance (e.g., increase reliability, stability and the like).
1. A method, comprising:
forming a tip of an ion source;
providing an ion column;
passing ions generated by the ion source through the ion column;
emitting light from the tip of the ion source while forming the tip of the ion source;
using a detector to detect at least a portion of the light emitted from the tip of the ion source while the ion source is being formed;
obtaining an image of the tip of the ion source based on the detected light emitted from the tip of the ion source while the ion source was being formed; and
using the detected light to determine one or more parameters for preparing the tip of the ion source.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising biasing the tip positively with respect to an extractor.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising monitoring a geometry of an apex of the tip by observing a field emission pattern of the tip apex.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a temperature of the tip, a gas pressure of a chamber housing the ion source, and an intensity of the light emitted by the tip.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a temperature of the tip, a gas pressure of a chamber housing the ion source, and an intensity of the light emitted by the tip.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a temperature of the tip, a gas pressure of a chamber housing the ion source, and an intensity of the light emitted by the tip.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising, based on the detected light, increasing at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of the temperature of the tip and the gas pressure in the chamber housing the ion source.
8. The method of claim 5 , further comprising, based on the detected light, increasing at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of the temperature of the tip and the gas pressure in the chamber housing the ion source.
9. The method of claim 4 , further comprising, based on the detected light, increasing at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of the temperature of the tip and the gas pressure in the chamber housing the ion source.
10. The method of claim 3 , further comprising, based on the detected light, increasing at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a temperature of the tip and a gas pressure in a chamber housing the ion source.
11. The method of claim 2 , further comprising, based on the detected light, increasing at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a temperature of the tip and a gas pressure in a chamber housing the ion source.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, based on the detected light, increasing at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a temperature of the tip and a gas pressure in a chamber housing the ion source.
13. A method, comprising:
providing an ion source comprising a tip;
providing an ion column;
passing ions generated by the ion source through the ion column;
emitting light from the tip of the ion source;
detecting at least a portion of the light with a detector;
obtaining an image of the tip of the ion source based on the detected light that was emitted by the tip of the ion source; and
using the detected light to determine a temperature of the tip based on the detected light.
14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising biasing the tip positively with respect to an extractor.
15. The method of claim 13 , further comprising monitoring a geometry of a tip apex by observing a field emission patter of the tip apex.
16. The method of claim 13 , further comprising, based on the detected light, increasing at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a temperature of the tip and a gas pressure in a chamber housing the ion source.
17. A method, comprising:
forming a tip of an ion source while emitting light from the ion source;
passing ions generated by the ion source through an ion column;
detecting at least a portion of the light that is emitted from the tip of the ion source while the tip of the ion source is being formed; and
determining one or more parameters for preparing the tip of the ion source based on at least some of the detected light emitted from the tip of the ion source while the ion source was being formed, and/or determining a temperature of the tip based on at least some of the detected light emitted from the tip of the ion source while the ion source was being formed.
18. The method of claim 17 , comprising determining the one or more parameters for preparing the tip of the ion source based on at least some of the detected light.
19. The method of claim 18 , comprising determining a temperature of the tip based on at least some of the detected light.
20. The method of claim 17 , comprising determining a temperature of the tip based on at least some of the detected light.
21. The method of claim 13 , wherein the detected light is formed while forming the tip of the ion source.