Bi-parting, bi-directional door system
A door system includes two bi-parting, center-opening, bi-directional door panels disposed for counter-rotating swinging movement in a doorway. An operator is coupled to the door panels via a synchronizing system such that the door panels may be selectively opened in either direction relative to the doorway, and closed in the opposite direction, and such that the door panels swing through substantially equal angular distances. The synchronizing system may include a linkage, among other systems, and the operator may include an electro-mechanical operator, a mechanical door closer with spring, or a hybrid of both. A person may effect an emergency breakout by manually using a single-motion, low-force push against one of the door panels to simultaneously open both door panels.
1. A door system, comprising:
two bi-parting, center-opening, bi-directional door panels disposed for counter-rotating swinging movement in a doorway;
a synchronizing system operatively associated with the door panels;
the synchronizing system being operative to swing the door panels simultaneously selectively outwardly or inwardly of the doorway to open the door panels, and to simultaneously close the door panels, such that the door panels swing through substantially equal angular distances during opening and closing;
wherein the synchronizing system including a linkage system, and further including two motion converters, the linkage system and motion converters being operatively associated with the door panels;
the linkage system including first and second linkages, each defining a driven link;
each motion converter being drivingly connected to a respective door panel and being operative to convert the motion of respective driven links to rotary motion; such that rotation of one door panel through a predetermined angular distance, whether inwardly or outwardly of the doorway, simultaneously rotates the other door panel through substantially the same angular distance;
wherein the first and second linkages lying in the same plane;
each of the first and second linkages defining a driver link pivotably connected to a connecting link, which in turn is pivotably connected to a respective driven link; such that
the driver and driven links of the first linkage remaining in parallel throughout the operation of the synchronizing system, and the connecting link of the second linkage being disposed at an angle to the connecting link of the first linkage, such that
the driven link of the second linkage rotates in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the driven link of the first linkage.
2. The door system claimed in claim 1 , wherein the synchronizing system further being operative to simultaneously open the door panels through substantially equal angular distances by a person manually contacting one of the door panels.
3. The door system claimed in claim 1 , wherein the synchronizing system further being operative to swing the door panels responsive to an operator, the operator being one of an electro-mechanical operator and a mechanical door closer with spring.
4. The door system claimed in claim 1 , wherein the synchronizing system further being operative to swing the door panels responsive to an operator which is a hybrid of an electro-mechanical operator and a mechanical door closer with spring.
5. The door system claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
a drive having a drive output member is rotatably connected to the driver links such that rotation of the drive output member rotates both door panels simultaneously through a predetermined angular distance in either direction relative to the doorway.
6. The door system claimed in claim 5 , wherein; each motion converter including a gearbox;
the gearbox having an input gear having an axis and being drivingly connected to an output gear, the output gear having an axis offset from that of the input gear; and
the driven links being pivotably connected to respective input gears.
7. The door system claimed in claim 6 , wherein the gear ratio is such that rotation of the drive output member through 45 degrees causes the door panels to rotate through 90 degrees.
8. The door system claimed in claim 7 , wherein the drive output member may be rotated through 90 degrees, thereby enabling rotation of the door panels through a total swing of 180 degrees.
9. A door system for a doorway having a predetermined width, comprising:
a header disposed in an upper portion of the doorway and having first and second ends;
first and second center-opening door panels disposed for swinging movement in the doorway beneath the header;
two door panel pivot members extending downwardly from the header, each being disposed adjacent respective ends of the header;
each door panel being drivingly connected to, and being pivotal about, respective door panel pivot members;
a synchronizing system disposed in the header and being operative to swing the first and second door panels simultaneously through substantially equal angular distances to open the door panels, and to simultaneously close the door panels; wherein
rotation of one of the door panels through a predetermined angular distance causes the other door panel to simultaneously rotate through substantially the same angular distance; and
an operator disposed in the header and being drivingly connected to the synchronizing system;
the operator defining a rotatable output member disposed intermediate the ends of the header; wherein
the synchronizing system including first and second linkages lying in the same plane, each linkage including a driver link connected to the operator output member, a connecting link pivotably connected to the driver link, and a driven link pivotably connected to the connecting link, such that rotation of the driver link in one direction causes one driven link to rotate in the same direction and the other driven link to rotate in the opposite direction.
10. The door system claimed in claim 9 , wherein rotation of the operator output member through a predetermined angular distance causes the door panels to rotate through substantially the same predetermined angular distance.
11. The door system claimed in claim 9 , wherein:
the synchronizing system further being operable to selectively swing both door panels simultaneously either inwardly and outwardly of the doorway to open the door panels, and to simultaneously close the door panels;
the synchronizing system further including a gearbox disposed in the header adjacent to each end of the header and being operatively associated with a respective door panel pivot member and driven link; and
the gearbox having a predetermined gear ratio such that rotation of the operator driven member through an angular distance of 45 degrees in either direction causes the door panels to rotate 90 degrees outwardly or inwardly of the doorway, respectively.
12. The door system claimed in claim 11 , wherein:
the operator includes an electro-mechanical operator having a motor connectable to a source of electrical power, the motor being drivingly connected to the operator output member through a transmission; and further comprising:
a controller disposed in the header and being operatively associated with the operator to cause the operator to rotate the door panels selectively inwardly or outwardly of the doorway.
13. The door system claimed in claim 12 , wherein a person may manually open both door panels simultaneously by pushing against one of the door panels with a single motion.
14. The door system claimed in claim 13 , wherein the pushing force necessary to open the door panels is from about two pounds to about three pounds.
15. The door system claimed in claim 11 , wherein:
the operator is a mechanical door closer with spring; and
the door panels may be normally opened by a person exerting a manual force against one of the door panels in the range from about two pounds to about five pounds.
16. The door system claimed in claim 15 , wherein the mechanical door closer with spring includes a hydraulic door closer.
17. The door system claimed in claim 11 , wherein:
the operator is a hybrid of an electro-mechanical operator and of a mechanical door closer with spring; and further comprising:
a dog clutch system coupling the electromechanical operator and the mechanical door closer with spring such that, if a person were to manually push against one of the door panels, both door panels will open up to 90 degrees without back-driving the electro-mechanical operator, but where the electro-mechanical operator can still be used to open the door panels, and the mechanical door closer with spring can still be used to close the door panels.
18. The door system claimed in claim 9 , wherein at least one connecting link has an adjustable length.
19. The door system claimed in claim 9 , wherein:
the operator output member rotates about an axis substantially centered in the header; and further comprising:
a drive disk drivingly connected to the output member about said axis; wherein the driver links are disposed on opposite portions of the drive disk.
20. The door system claimed in claim 19 , further comprising:
an adjustable stop disposed in the header and operatively associated with the drive disk to limit rotation of the drive disk; whereby the opening swing of the door panels may be adjusted to lie in the range from about 90 degrees to about 110 degrees, while enabling the closing swing to be substantially 90 degrees.