SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SINGLE-MOLECULE DETECTION USING NANOPORES
A system and method for detecting a single-molecule using an integrated circuit which includes at least one membrane having a nanopore located between first and second reservoirs and a low-noise preamplifier having an electrode formed on the surface thereof is provided. The method includes passing a target molecule through the nanopore, and measuring a current through the nanopore to detect the presence of a biomolecular entity, if any.
1 . A method for detecting a single-molecule using an integrated circuit which includes at least one membrane having a nanopore located between first and second reservoirs and a low-noise preamplifier having an electrode formed on the surface thereof, comprising:
passing a target molecule through the nanopore; and
measuring a current through the nanopore to detect the presence of a biomolecular entity, if any.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the preamplifier comprises a low-noise multi-channel CMOS preamplifier.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is selected from the group consisting of Ag/AgCl, platinum, gold, and un-chlorinated silver.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanopore is positioned on a silicon chip adjacent to the preamplifier.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanopore comprises a nanopore directly integrated onto the preamplifier.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the first and second reservoirs are located on opposite sides of the preamplifier.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanopore comprises a solid state nanopore.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanopore comprises a biological nanopore.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the membrane is a lipid bilayer.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is in direct contact with one of the first and second reservoirs.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the integrated circuit comprises a plurality of nanopores.
12 . An integrated circuit for single-molecule detection, comprising:
at least one membrane having a nanopore located between first and second reservoirs;
a low-noise preamplifier for measuring the change in pore current upon passing a target entity through the nanopore, wherein the preamplifier has at least one electrode formed on the surface thereof.
13 . The integrated circuit of claim 12 , wherein the preamplifier comprises a low-noise multi-channel CMOS preamplifier.
14 . The integrated circuit of claim 12 , wherein the electrode is selected from the group consisting of Ag/AgCl, platinum, gold, and un-chlorinated silver.
15 . The integrated circuit of claim 12 , wherein the nanopore is located through a silicon chip adjacent to the preamplifier.
16 . The integrated circuit of claim 12 , wherein the nanopore comprises a nanopore directly integrated onto the preamplifier.
17 . The integrated circuit of claim 16 , wherein the first and second reservoirs are located on opposite sides of the preamplifier.
18 . The integrated circuit of claim 12 , wherein the nanopore comprises a solid state nanopore.
19 . The integrated circuit of claim 12 , wherein the nanopore comprises a biological nanopore.
20 . The integrated circuit of claim 19 , wherein the membrane is a lipid bilayer.
21 . The integrated circuit of claim 12 , wherein the electrode is in direct contact with one of the first and second reservoirs.
22 . The integrated circuit of claim 12 , wherein the integrated circuit comprises a plurality of nanopores.