Compositions and methods of use
Provided herein are compositions and methods that can remove, metabolize, or degrade a hydrocarbon in an area that is contaminated by hydrocarbons. Methods for bioremediation of an area such as an area of land, a body of water, or a shoreline that are contaminated by a hydrocarbon, such as from a crude oil spill are also described. The compositions and methods described herein can be used on natural flora and fauna as well as manmade materials that are contaminated by a hydrocarbon.
1. A composition comprising a microbial component, an enzymatic component, an emulsifying component, and a nutritive component, wherein
the microbial component comprises about 5-75% of the total weight of the composition and comprises an equal amount by weight of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Lactobacillus acidophilus , and L. Salivarius bifidum;
the enzymatic component comprises about 5-25% of the total weight of the composition and comprises by weight about 10-15% pancreatin (4×); about 3-7% protease AO; about 10-15% hemicellulase, about 15-20% bromelain, about 15-20% papain, about 10-15% lipase, and about 10-15% amylase;
the emulsifier component comprises about 5-20% of the total weight of the composition and comprises (by weight) about 5-15% lecithin; and
the nutritive component comprises about 5-30% of the total weight of the composition and comprises by weight about 3-10% spirulan.
2. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising (by weight) about 3-10% water, and a substrate selected from the group consisting of bran and sea salt.
3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition consists of:
a microbial component comprising an equal amount by weight of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Lactobacillus acidophilus , and L. Salivarius bifidum;
an enzymatic component comprising by weight about 10-15% pancreatin (4×); about 3-7% protease AO; about 10-15% hemicellulase, about 15-20% bromelain, about 15-20% papain, about 10-15% lipase, and about 10-15% amylase;
an emulsifier component comprising by weight about 5-15% lecithin;
a nutritive component comprising by weight about 3-10% spirulan;
about 3-10% water; and
a substrate selected from the group consisting of bran and sea salt.
4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein
the microbial component consists of an equal amount by weight of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Lactobacillus acidophilus , and L. Salivarius bifidum;
the enzymatic component consists of by weight about 10-15% pancreatin (4×); about 3-7% protease AO; about 10-15% hemicellulase, about 15-20% bromelain, about 15-20% papain, about 10-15% lipase, and about 10-15% amylase;
the emulsifier component consists of by weight about 5-15% lecithin; and
the nutritive component consists of by weight about 3-10% spirulan.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises about 5-30% of a substrate component.
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the substrate component is selected from the group consisting of activated charcoal, salts, brans, starches, flours, and biodegradable fibers.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises about 5-30% water.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the microbial, enzymatic, and combined nutritive and emulsifying components are present in the relative amounts by weight of about 5:1:2.5, respectively.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nutritive component further comprises an additional source of nitrogen and phosphate.
10. A method for removing hydrocarbons from an area that is contaminated by hydrocarbons comprising:
(a) providing an amount of the composition according to claim 1 ;
(b) applying an amount of the composition to at least a portion of the area contaminated by hydrocarbons, wherein the applying is performed under conditions that allow for the hydrocarbons to be removed.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the contaminated area is a body of water selected from seawater, fresh water, brackish water, wetland, swamp, or ice.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the contaminated area is a land mass.