Photobioreactor systems and methods for treating CO2-enriched gas and producing biomass
Certain embodiments and aspects of the invention relate to a photobioreactor including covered photobioreactor units through which a liquid medium stream and a gas stream flow. The liquid medium comprises at least one species of phototrophic organism therein. Certain methods of using the photobioreactor system as part of fuel generation system and/or a gas-treatment process or system at least partially remove certain undesirable pollutants from a gas stream. In certain embodiments, a portion of the liquid medium is diverted from a photobioreactor unit and reintroduced upstream of the diversion position. In certain embodiments, the disclosed photobioreactor system, methods of using such systems, and/or gas treatment apparatus and methods provided herein can be used as part of an integrated combustion method and system, wherein photosynthetic organisms used within the photobioreactor are harvested from the photobioreactor, processed, and used as a fuel source for a combustion system like an electric power plant.
1. A photobioreactor system comprising:
at least one longitudinally extending photobioreactor unit comprising at least one photobioreactor section, the photobioreactor unit being constructed and arranged to carry a flow of a liquid medium comprising phototrophic organisms therein, the photobioreactor unit comprising:
at least one cover constructed and arranged to cover at least a substantial portion of the liquid medium within the photobioreactor unit and constructed and arranged to provide a gas headspace under the cover and above the liquid medium, the cover being capable of providing the gas headspace even when a gas pressure within the gas headspace of the photobioreactor unit is less than the atmospheric pressure surrounding the photobioreactor unit;
a first liquid inlet constructed and arranged to provide the liquid medium to the photobioreactor unit;
a first liquid outlet from which the liquid medium is removable from the photobioreactor unit;
a second liquid outlet positioned between the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet, from which the liquid medium is removable from the photobioreactor unit; and
a channel fluidically interconnecting the second liquid outlet to the photobioreactor unit at a position which is upstream of the second liquid outlet to enable return and recycle of the liquid medium within the photobioreactor unit.
2. The photobioreactor unit of claim 1 , further comprising a second liquid inlet, different from the first liquid inlet, wherein the channel fluidically interconnects the second liquid outlet to the second liquid inlet.
3. The photobioreactor unit of claim 1 , wherein the photobioreactor unit comprises a single, elongated photobioreactor section.
4. The photobioreactor unit of claim 1 , wherein the photobioreactor unit comprises a plurality of interconnected photobioreactor sections.
5. The photobioreactor unit of claim 1 , wherein the second liquid outlet fluidically interconnects the photobioreactor section to which it is associated to a different photobioreactor section.
6. The photobioreactor unit of claim 5 , wherein the two fluidically interconnected photobioreactor sections have different functions.