Reinforced placental tissue grafts and methods of making and using the same
Described herein are tissue grafts derived from the placental tissue that are reinforced with at least one biocompatible mesh. The tissue grafts possess good adhesion to biological tissues and are useful in wound healing applications. Also described herein are methods for making and using the tissue grafts.
1. A reinforced tissue graft comprising:
a first membrane comprising a placental tissue having a first side and a second side;
a non-resorbable biocompatible mesh having a first side and a second side, wherein the first side of the biocompatible mesh is adjacent to the second side of the first membrane;
a second membrane comprising a placental tissue having a first side and a second side, wherein the first side of the second membrane is adjacent to the second side of the biocompatible mesh; and
optionally including from one up to nine additional membranes on either side of the biocompatible mesh,
wherein at least one of the first membrane, the second membrane, or the additional membranes comprises modified amnion having an intact epithelial cell layer,
wherein each modified amnion in the graft has an intact epithelial cell layer, and
wherein the biocompatible mesh is coated on one or both sides with micronized placental tissue.
2. The tissue graft of claim 1 , wherein the first membrane comprises amnion, chorion, or a laminate comprising one or more layers of amnion with one or more layers of chorion.
3. The tissue graft of claim 1 , wherein the second membrane comprises amnion, chorion, or a laminate comprising one or more layers of amnion with one or more layers of chorion.
4. The tissue graft of claim 1 , wherein the second membrane comprises an amnion/chorion laminate, wherein the chorion is adjacent to the second side of the biocompatible mesh.
5. The tissue graft of claim 4 , wherein the amnion comprises an intermediate layer, and wherein the chorion is adjacent to the intermediate layer.
6. The tissue graft of claim 1 , wherein the first membrane comprises Wharton's jelly.
7. The tissue graft of claim 1 , wherein the first membrane and/or second membrane are crosslinked.
8. The tissue graft of claim 1 , wherein the biocompatible mesh has a pore size from 200 microns to 4,000 microns.
9. The tissue graft of claim 1 , wherein the biocompatible mesh has a plurality of pores spaced from 1,000 microns to 4,500 microns apart as measured from the center of two pores.
10. The tissue graft of claim 1 , wherein the biocompatible mesh has a thickness of 300 microns to 2,000 microns.
11. The tissue graft of claim 1 , wherein the biocompatible mesh is made of a thermoplastic resin, polyethylene, ultra-high weight molecular weight polyethylene, high molecular weight polyolefin, uncoated monofilament polypropylene, polyether ether ketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, or any combination thereof.
12. The tissue graft of claim 1 , wherein the micronized placental tissue is applied to the tissue graft by wetting the biocompatible mesh to render it absorbent and contacting the biocompatible mesh with a surface having micronized placental tissue deposited thereon.
13. A wound dressing comprising the tissue graft of claim 1 .