Sheet material having a concave-convex part, and a vehicle panel and laminated structure using the same

1. A sheet material having a stiffness-increasing concave-convex part, wherein

a first reference plane, an intermediate reference plane, and a second reference plane, which are three virtual planes that are successively disposed spaced apart and parallel to one another, serve as a reference system;

the intermediate reference plane includes a grid of virtual squares of the same size;

directions parallel to one side of each of the virtual squares are defined as X directions, and directions perpendicular to the X direction are defined as Y directions;

in the intermediate reference plane, X areas each comprise three of the virtual squares linked in the X directions, and Y areas each comprise three of the virtual squares linked in the Y directions;

first reference areas are areas wherein X areas are disposed at both end parts of one of the Y areas—one X area per end part of that Y area—such that the end parts of that Y area contact center squares of those X areas, and Y areas are disposed at both end parts of those X areas—one Y area per end part of each of those X areas—such that the end parts of those X areas contact center squares of those Y areas;

in the intermediate reference plane, a plurality of first reference area rows is formed, wherein each of the first reference area rows is arrayed in one row in a state and wherein its first reference areas are arrayed in the same orientation and the plurality of first reference areas are spaced apart from one another by one square in the X directions;

the first reference area rows that are adjacent in the Y directions in the intermediate reference plane are disposed at positions shifted from one another by three squares in the X directions;

in the intermediate reference plane, all the areas other than the first reference areas are second reference areas;

the concave-convex part is provided with first areas, which protrude from the first reference areas defined in the intermediate reference plane toward the first reference plane, and is further provided with either or both of (i) second areas, which protrude from the second reference areas defined in the intermediate reference plane toward the first reference plane or the second reference plane, and (ii) plane areas, which are formed in the intermediate reference plane based on the second reference areas in the intermediate reference plane;

each of the first areas comprises a first top surface, which is a projection of the first reference area into the first reference plane and has an area equal to or less than the first reference area, and first side surfaces, which connect an outer periphery of the first top surface with an outer periphery of its first reference area; and

each of the second areas comprises a second top surface, which is a projection of the second reference area into the first reference plane or the second reference plane and has an area equal to or less than the second reference area, and second side surfaces, which connect an outer periphery of that second top surface with an outer periphery of its second reference area.

2. The sheet material according to claim 1 , wherein

a first inclination angle θ 1 (°) of the first side surface with respect to the second reference plane is within the range of 10°-90°; and

a second inclination angle θ 2 (°) of the second side surface with respect to the second reference plane is within the range of 10°-90°.

3. The sheet material according to claim 1 , wherein

at least a part of the sheet material is curved.

4. The sheet material according to claim 1 , wherein

the concave-convex part is formed by press forming or roll forming a metal sheet.

5. The sheet material according to claim 4 , wherein

the metal sheet prior to the press forming or the roll forming has a sheet thickness t (mm) of 0.03-6.0 mm.

6. The sheet material according to claim 5 , wherein

a ratio L/t of the length L (mm) of one side of each virtual square to the sheet thickness t (mm) is 10-2000.

7. The sheet material according to claim 5 , wherein

a ratio H1/t of a projection height H1 (mm) of the first area to the sheet thickness t (mm), and a maximum inclination angle θ 1 (°) formed between each first side surface and the intermediate reference plane satisfy the relationship 1≦(H1/t)≦−3θ 1 +272; and

a ratio H2/t of a projection height H2 (mm) of the second area to the sheet thickness t (mm), and a maximum inclination angle θ 2 (°) formed between each second side surface and the intermediate reference plane satisfy the relationship 1≦(H2/t)≦−3θ 2 +272.

8. The sheet material according to claim 7 , wherein

the first maximum inclination angle θ 1 (°) of the first side surface with respect to the second reference plane is within the range of 10°-70°; and

the second maximum inclination angle θ 2 (°) of the second side surface with respect to the second reference plane is within the range of 10°-70°.

9. The sheet material according to claim 1 ,

wherein the X areas disposed at both end parts of the one of the Y areas comprise first and second X areas,

wherein the Y areas disposed at both end parts of those X areas comprise a first Y area disposed at a first end of the first X area, a second Y area disposed at a second end of the first X area, a third Y area disposed at a first end of the second X area and a fourth Y area disposed at a second end of the second X area,

wherein the first and third Y areas are disposed to a first side of the one of the Y areas and the second and fourth Y areas are disposed to a second side of the one of the Y areas, and

wherein the first Y area is spaced from the third Y area in the Y direction by a first one of the second reference areas and the second Y area is spaced from the fourth Y area in the Y direction by a second one of the second reference areas; and further comprising areas which protrude from the first, second, third, and fourth Y areas.

10. A sheet material having a stiffness-increasing concave-convex part, wherein

a first reference plane, an intermediate reference plane, and a second reference plane, which are three virtual planes that are successively disposed spaced apart and parallel to one another, serve as a reference system;

the intermediate reference plane includes a grid of virtual rectangles of the same size;

directions parallel to one side of each of the virtual rectangles are defined as X directions, and directions perpendicular to the X direction are defined as Y directions;

in the intermediate reference plane, X areas each comprise three of the virtual rectangles linked in the X directions, and Y areas each comprise three of the virtual rectangles linked in the Y directions;

first reference areas are areas wherein X areas are disposed at both end parts of one of the Y areas—one X area per end part of that Y area—such that the end parts of that Y area contact center rectangles of those X areas, and Y areas are disposed at both end parts of those X areas—one Y area per end part of each of those X areas—such that the end parts of those X areas contact center rectangles of those Y areas;

in the intermediate reference plane, a plurality of first reference area rows is formed, wherein each of the first reference area rows is arrayed in one row in a state and wherein its first reference areas are arrayed in the same orientation and the plurality of first reference areas are spaced apart from one another by one rectangle in the X directions;

the first reference area rows that are adjacent in the Y directions in the intermediate reference plane are disposed at positions shifted from one another by three rectangles in the X directions;

in the intermediate reference plane, all the areas other than the first reference areas are second reference areas;

the concave-convex part is provided with first areas, which protrude from the first reference areas defined in the intermediate reference plane toward the first reference plane, and is further provided with either or both of (i) second areas, which protrude from the second reference areas defined in the intermediate reference plane toward the first reference plane or the second reference plane, and (ii) plane areas, which are formed in the intermediate reference plane based on the second reference areas in the intermediate reference plane;

each of the first areas comprises a first top surface, which is a projection of the first reference area into the first reference plane and has an area equal to or less than the first reference area, and first side surfaces, which connect an outer periphery of the first top surface with an outer periphery of its first reference area; and

each of the second areas comprises a second top surface, which is a projection of the second reference area into the first reference plane or the second reference plane and has an area equal to or less than the second reference area, and second side surfaces, which connect an outer periphery of that second top surface with an outer periphery of its second reference area,

wherein the virtual rectangles that comprise the first and second reference areas have a length L (mm) of one side of the rectangle and a length M (mm) of a side of the rectangle that is orthogonal to the one side of the rectangle that have the relationship 0.5L≦M≦2L.

11. The sheet material according to claim 10 , wherein

a first inclination angle θ 1 (°) of the first side surface with respect to the second reference plane is within the range of 10°-90°; and

a second inclination angle θ 2 (°) of the second side surface with respect to the second reference plane is within the range of 10°-90°.

12. The sheet material according to claim 10 , wherein

at least a part of the sheet material is curved.

13. The sheet material according to claim 10 , wherein

the concave-convex part is formed by press forming or roll forming a metal sheet.

14. The sheet material according to claim 13 , wherein

the metal sheet prior to the press forming or the roll forming has a sheet thickness t (mm) of 0.03-6.0 mm.

15. The sheet material according to claim 14 , wherein

a ratio L/t of the length L (mm) of one side of each virtual rectangle to the sheet thickness t (mm) is 10-2000.

16. The sheet material according to claim 14 , wherein

a ratio H 1 /t of a protrusion height H 1 (mm) of the first area to the sheet thickness t (mm), and a maximum inclination angle θ 1 (°) formed between each first side surface and the intermediate reference plane satisfy the relationship 1≦(H 1 /t)≦3θ 1 +272; and

a ratio H 2 /t of a protrusion height H2 (mm) of the second area to the sheet thickness t (mm) and a maximum inclination angle θ 2 (°) formed between each second side surface and the intermediate reference plane satisfy the relationship 1≦(H 2 /t)≦−3θ 2 +272.

17. The sheet material according to claim 16 , wherein

the first maximum inclination angle θ 1 (°) of the first side surface with respect to the second reference plane is within the range of 10°-70°; and

the second maximum inclination angle θ 2 (°) of the second side surface with respect to the second reference plane is within the range of 10°-70°.

18. The sheet material according to claim 17 , wherein

the first and second maximum inclination angles are each 30°.

19. The sheet material according to claim 17 , wherein

a ratio L/t of the length L (mm) of one side of each virtual rectangle to the sheet thickness t (mm) is 10-2000.

20. The sheet material according to claim 10 ,

wherein the X areas disposed at both end parts of the one of the Y areas comprise first and second X areas,

wherein the Y areas disposed at both end parts of those X areas comprise a first Y area disposed at a first end of the first X area, a second Y area disposed at a second end of the first X area, a third Y area disposed at a first end of the second X area and a fourth Y area disposed at a second end of the second X area,

wherein the first and third Y areas are disposed to a first side of the one of the Y areas and the second and fourth Y areas are disposed to a second side of the one of the Y areas, and

wherein the first Y area is spaced from the third Y area in the Y direction by a first one of the second reference areas and the second Y area is spaced from the fourth Y area in the Y direction by a second one of the second reference areas; and further comprising areas which protrude from the first, second, third, and fourth Y areas.