Antagonat compositions and methods of use

1. A method of upregulating the expression of a single gene in a cell comprising contacting the cell with an antagoNAT, wherein the antagoNAT is a single stranded oligonucleotide comprising 12-27 nucleoside subunits and which:

is 100% complementary to and specifically hybridizes with a complementary 12-27 nucleotide region of a non-coding natural antisense transcript of the gene; and

comprises at least one sugar modified nucleoside subunit at the 3′ terminus and at least one sugar modified nucleoside subunit at the 5′ terminus; and

further comprises internal sugar modified nucleoside subunits and internal sugar unmodified nucleoside subunits between the 5′ nucleoside subunit and the 3′ nucleoside subunit, and at least one internal nucleoside is modified; and

wherein said antagoNAT upregulates the expression of said gene and wherein the antagoNAT comprises a compound of Formula (I), or a salt thereof:

C-A u -[B v -A′ w ] x -B y -A″ 2 -C   Formula (I)

wherein

each A, A′, and A″ independently has the structure of:

each B independently has the structure of:

each C is independently hydroxy, phosphate, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl, or any suitable 5′ or 3′ terminus cap;

each u, v, w, x, y and z are independently integers greater than or equal to one;

each D is a heterocyclic base;

each E is independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted amine, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, or thiol;

each G is independently —OP(O) 2 O—, —OP(O)(OR)O—, —OP(O)(S)O—, —OP(O)(SR)O—, —OP(S) 2 O—, —OP(R)(O)O—, —OP(NR 2 )(O)O—, —OC(O)O—, —OCH 2 C(O)NHCH 2 —, —OCH 2 S—, —CH 2 SCH 2 —, —OP(O)(BH 3 )O—, —NP(O) 2 O—, —OP(R)(O)O—, or absent when (Ia) is connected to C;

each R is independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

each J is hydrogen or J and E taken together form a ring structure that optionally includes an additional heteroatom selected from N or O; and

each K is independently hydroxy or hydrogen and further wherein SEQ ID NOS: 13, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 31, 32, 34, 35, 38 and 39 are excluded and wherein the single gene is selected from the group consisting of SCN1A, SIRT1, ABCA1, VEGF, BDNF and GDNF.

2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the sugar modified and sugar unmodified nucleoside subunits each comprise a pyrimidine base or purine base and said modified sugar comprises a locked nucleic acid.

3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the internal sugar modified nucleoside subunits each comprises a pyrimidine base or purine base and wherein said internal modified subunits comprise at least one locked nucleic acid.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sugar modified nucleoside subunits are each substituted at the 2′ position with alkoxy, alkyl, halogen, amino, thiol, alkylamine, alkylthiol, alkylester, or O-alkylene bound to the C4′ carbon.

5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sugar modified nucleoside subunits are each substituted at the 2′ position with alkoxy, halogen, or O-alkylene bound to the C4′ carbon.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sugar modified nucleoside subunits are each substituted at the 2′ position with methoxy.

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sugar modified nucleoside subunits are each substituted at the 2′ position with O-methoxyethyl.

8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sugar modified nucleoside subunits are each substituted at the 2′ position with O-methylene bound to the C4′ carbon (2′-OCH 2 -4′) or O-ethylene bound to the C4′ carbon (2′-OCH 2 CH 2 -4′).

9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the unmodified nucleoside subunit comprises a ribose sugar.

10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the antagoNAT comprises a backbone of phosphodiester, phosphotriester, phosphorothioate, phosphorodithiate, alkylphosphonate, phosphoramidate, boranophosphate, carbonate, carbamate, acetamidate, thioether, thioformacetal internucleotide linkages, or combinations thereof.

11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the antagoNAT comprises a backbone of phosphodiester and phosphorothioate internucleotide linkages.

12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the antagoNAT comprises a backbone of phosphorothioate internucleotide linkages.

13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein no more than five internal unmodified nucleosides with 2′-deoxyribose sugar moieties are consecutive, wherein

(a) the 3′ terminus segment comprises a bicyclic 2′-modified sugar nucleoside and the 5′ terminus segment comprises a non-bicyclic 2′-modified sugar nucleoside; or

(b) the 3′ terminus segment comprises a non-bicyclic 2′-modified sugar nucleoside and the 5′ terminus segment comprises a bicyclic 2′-modified sugar nucleoside.

14. The method according to claim 1 wherein the antagoNAT comprises a compound of Formula (I), or a salt thereof:

C-A u -[B v -A′ w ] x -B y -A″ z -C   Formula (I)

wherein

each A, A′, and A″ independently has the structure of:

each B independently has the structure of:

each C is independently hydroxy, phosphate, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl, or any suitable 5′ or 3′ terminus cap;

each u, v, w, x, y and z are independently integers greater than or equal to one;

each D is a heterocyclic base;

each E is independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted amine, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, or thiol;

each G is independently —OP(O) 2 O—, —OP(O)(OR)O—, —OP(O)(S)O—, —OP(O)(SR)O—, —OP(S) 2 O—, —OP(R)(O)O—, —OP(NR 2 )(O)O—, —OC(O)O—, —OCH 2 C(O)NHCH 2 —, —OCH 2 S—, —CH 2 SCH 2 —, —OP(O)(BH 3 )O—, —NP(O) 2 O—, —OP(R)(O)O—, or absent when (Ia) is connected to C;

each R is independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

each J is hydrogen or J and E taken together form a ring structure that optionally includes an additional heteroatom selected from N or O; and

each K is independently hydroxy or hydrogen and wherein the upregulated targets are selected from the group consisting of SCN1A, BDNF, GDNF, or ABCA1 and further wherein SEQ ID NOS:13, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 31, 32, 34, 35, 38 and 39 are excluded.

15. The method according to claim 14 wherein each heterocyclic base is independently selected from a purine or pyrimidine base and wherein a internucleoside linkage is selected from a phosphorthioate.

16. The method according to claim 14 wherein each heterocyclic base is independently selected from adenine, guanine, uracil, thymine, cytosine, 2-aminoadenine, 5-methylcytosine, 5-bromouracil, or hypoxanthine and wherein at least one internucleoside linkage is selected from a phosphorothiate.

17. The method of claim 14 , wherein each heterocyclic base is independently selected from adenine, guanine, uracil, thymine, or cytosine.

18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the heterocyclic base of each A′ is independently selected from uracil, thymine, or cytosine.

19. The method of claim 14 , wherein each A, A′, or A″ independently has the structure of:

20. The method of claim 14 , wherein each E is independently methoxy, ethoxy, O-methylethyl, or fluoro.

21. The method of claim 14 , wherein each E is methoxy.

22. The method of claim 14 , wherein each E is O-methylethyl.

23. The method of claim 14 , wherein each G is independently —OP(O) 2 O—, —OP(O)(OR)O—, or —OP(O)(S)O—.

24. The method of claim 14 , wherein each G is —OP(O)(S)O—.

25. The method of claim 14 , wherein each C is hydroxy.

26. The method of claim 14 , wherein v and y are independently integers of 1, 2, or 3 when K is hydroxy and x is at least one.

27. The method of claim 14 , wherein v and y are independently integers of 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 when K is hydrogen, and

(a) wherein at least one A has the structure of (Id) or (Ie) and at least one A″ has the structure of (Ic); or

(b) wherein at least one A has the structure of (Ic) and at least one A″ has the structure of (Id) or (Ie).