Devices for killing tumor cells and related systems and methods

1. A method of killing cells of a tumor, the method comprising:

separating the tumor from neighboring tissue so as to define an exposed outer border about at least a portion of the tumor that is spaced from the neighboring tissue;

after said separating, positioning a cover that comprises a transfer element between the neighboring tissue and the outer border, the cover comprising a flexible blanket formed of a continuous piece of material;

wrapping the cover about the tumor;

introducing a probe comprising a sensor into an interior region of the tumor;

introducing a cell-disrupting agent into the tumor via the transfer element; and

monitoring an amount of cell-disrupting agent at the interior region of the tumor using readings obtained by the sensor.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising altering an amount of cell-disrupting agent that is delivered from the transfer element in response to one or more readings obtained by the sensor.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell-disrupting agent comprises at least one of heat, electrical energy, and electromagnetic energy.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell-disrupting agent comprises heat removal.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transfer element performs at least one of microwave therapy, radiofrequency ablation, cryotherapy, and irreversible electroporation on the tumor.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transfer element comprises one or more of a conduit through which a heated or cooled fluid flows, a resistive heater, a microwave emitter, and an electrode.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cover comprises one or more additional transfer elements, wherein each transfer element is directed inwardly so as to deliver a cell-disrupting agent to the tumor, and wherein the cell-disrupting agents delivered from the transfer elements comprise one or more of heat, removal of heat, electrical energy, and electromagnetic energy.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transfer element extends about at least a majority of a perimeter of the tumor when the cover has been wrapped about the tumor.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cover comprises a barrier and the transfer element is at a first side of the barrier, and wherein the barrier prevents the cell-disrupting agent from entering into the neighboring tissue that is at a second side of the barrier.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein a portion of healthy tissue that is immediately adjacent to the tumor is separated from the neighboring tissue such that the outer border extends about both the tumor and the separated portion of healthy tissue.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein one or more of a blood vessel and a nerve pass through the tumor, wherein separating the tumor from neighboring tissue is performed without severing the blood vessel and/or the nerve, and wherein the cover is positioned about the blood vessel and/or the nerve.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the probe is introduced into the interior region of the tumor so as to detect a level of cell-disrupting agent at a position near the blood vessel and/or the nerve, and wherein the sensor is a temperature sensor.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein said wrapping the cover about the tumor comprises conforming the cover to a contour defined by the outer border.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said wrapping the cover about the tumor comprises positioning the cover to extend along at least a majority of a perimeter of the contour.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the cover extends continuously along said at least a majority of the perimeter of the contour.

16. The method of claim 13 , wherein said wrapping the cover about the tumor comprises positioning the cover to extend along a full perimeter of the contour.

17. The method of claim 1 , wherein said wrapping the cover about the tumor comprises positioning the cover to encompass the tumor about at least a majority of a perimeter of the tumor.

18. The method of claim 1 , wherein said separating the tumor from neighboring tissue so as to define the exposed outer border yields an open gap between the neighboring tissue and the outer border.

19. A method of killing cells of a tumor, the method comprising:

separating the tumor from neighboring tissue so as to define an exposed outer border about at least a portion of the tumor;

after said separating, positioning a cover that comprises a transfer element between the neighboring tissue and the outer border, the cover comprising a flexible blanket;

wrapping the cover about the tumor;

introducing a probe comprising a sensor into an interior region of the tumor;

introducing a cell-disrupting agent into the tumor via the transfer element; and

monitoring an amount of cell-disrupting agent at the interior region of the tumor using readings obtained by the sensor.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein said wrapping the cover about the tumor comprises conforming the cover to a contour defined by the outer border.

21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the flexible blanket can be shaped to form a substantially planar surface when not wrapped around the tumor.

22. A method of killing cells of a tumor, the method comprising:

separating the tumor from neighboring tissue so as to define an exposed outer border about at least a portion of the tumor;

after said separating, positioning a cover that comprises a transfer element between the neighboring tissue and the outer border, the cover comprising a flexible blanket;

conforming the cover to a contour defined by the outer border;

securing the cover to the tumor;

introducing a probe comprising a sensor into an interior region of the tumor;

introducing a cell-disrupting agent into the tumor via the transfer element; and

monitoring an amount of cell-disrupting agent at the interior region of the tumor using readings obtained by the sensor.