Thermal cycler apparatus with elastomeric adhesive
An apparatus for thermal cycling can transfer heat uniformly and efficiently. The apparatus can be used in a method that reduces condensation on sample wells. The apparatus can also be manufactured to provide uniform configurations. For example, a sample, illustratively for polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in each sample well and the components of the embodiment of the thermal cycler apparatus shown at including a well block, a base plate, a layer of adhesive, a peltier device, another layer of adhesive and a heat sink.
1. A thermal cycler apparatus, comprising:
a peltier device;
an elastomeric adhesive on the peltier device, wherein the elastomeric adhesive is a thermally conductive, non-curing silicone;
a well block coupled to the peltier device; and
a heat sink coupled to the peltier device;
wherein the well block and the heat sink are coupled to the peltier device via the elastomeric adhesive and the well block is not clamped to the heat sink, and
the elastomeric adhesive has an elastomeric property between about 15% and about 1,000%,
the elastomeric adhesive has a further elastomeric property of remaining ductile and flexible even after at least about 5,000 temperature cycles between a temperature at least as high as 95° C. and at least as low as 60° C. such that the elastomeric adhesive can still couple the well block and the heat sink to the peltier device;
the elastomeric adhesive has a thermal conductivity at 25° C./77° F. of between about 0.7 Watt/meter-K and about 2.5 Watt/meter-K.
2. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is located between the well block and the peltier plate.
3. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is located between the peltier plate and the heat sink.
4. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is located between the well block and the peltier, and wherein the adhesive is also located between the peltier and the heat sink.
5. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the peltier device is coupled to the heat sink by the adhesive.
6. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the well block comprises a plurality of wells, wherein each well comprises a generally cylindrical portion located below a conical portion and a flat bottom portion, and wherein the flat bottom portion is perpendicular to the generally cylindrical portion.
7. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric adhesive retains the peltier device adjacent to at least one of the well block and the heat sink when the apparatus is turned upside down.
8. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the further elastomeric property of remaining ductile and flexible of the elastomeric adhesive remains even after cycling between a temperature at least as high as 95° C. and at least as low as 60° C. at least about 200,000.
9. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric adhesive has an elastomeric property of between about 35% and about 700% elongation.
10. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric adhesive has an unprimed adhesion lap shear of between about 1 kgf/cm 2 and about 75 kgf/cm 2 .
11. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric adhesive has a viscosity of between about 1,000 centipoise and about 200,000 centipoise.
12. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric adhesive has a thermal conductivity at 25° C./77° F. of between about 0.8 Watt/meter-K and about 2 Watt/meter-K.
13. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein thermal cycler apparatus is provided in a housing, the housing further provided with an optics system.
14. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the thermal cycler apparatus is provided with a computing device for controlling the thermal cycler apparatus.
15. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , further provided with a robotics unit configured for loading samples into the thermal cycler apparatus.
16. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein,
the well block comprises a plurality of wells, wherein each well comprises a generally cylindrical portion located below a conical portion and a flat bottom portion, wherein the flat bottom portion is perpendicular to the cylindrical portion, and
wherein each individual well in the well block is configured to receive a sample well therein, wherein the sample well extends through the conical portion and into the cylindrical portion of the well;
a peltier device coupled to the well block; and,
a heat sink coupled to the peltier device.
17. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the conical portion forms an angle of about 16° with the cylindrical portion.
18. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 16 , wherein a wall of the generally cylindrical portion forms an angle with the flat bottom portion, the angle being between 90° and 95°.
19. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the flat bottom portion contacts the peltier device.
20. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the wells are each configured such that a conical sample well placed in each well cannot contact the flat bottom portion of the well.
21. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the wells are each configured such when a conical sample well, comprising a conical portion, is placed in each well, the conical portion of the sample well contacts the conical portion of the well.
22. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 16 , wherein each flat bottom portion is coupled to a base plate.
23. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 16 , further comprising a plurality of peltier devices, wherein a predetermined number of wells are coupled to each peltier device to form a predetermined number of thermal zones in the well block.
24. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 16 , further comprising a first base plate coupled to a first pair of wells that are adjacent to each other, via the flat bottom portions of the wells, such that heat transferred to the first base plate is then transferred to the first pair of wells.
25. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 24 , further comprising a second base plate coupled to a second pair of wells that are adjacent to each other, via the flat bottom portions of the wells, wherein the first and second base plates are paired on the peltier device such that heat is transferred from the peltier device via the first and second base plates to a set of four wells comprising the first and second pair of wells.
26. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 25 , wherein the first base plate and the second base plate are separated from each other by a space through which wires extending from the peltier plate may extend.
27. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the peltier device is coupled to the well block by solder.
28. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a plurality of additional peltier devices, wherein each peltier device is thermally coupled to the heat sink wherein,
the well block comprising a plurality of zones, each zone thermally coupled to its respective peltier device and each zone comprising one or more wells; and
wherein each peltier device is individually driven to provide temperature uniformity to the wells.
29. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 28 , wherein each zone comprises 4 wells.