Tubelamp retrofit pin safety implementation using existing ballast and fixture
An electric lamp ( 1 ) has two pairs of external connection pins ( 5 ) adapted for connecting the lamp to a voltage source for powering an internal lighting module ( 3 ). Each pair of pins is disconnected from the lighting module by an open switch ( 6 ) unless a non-zero electric voltage is applied to the pair and causes the switch to close. The lamp is therefore safe to handle even in a condition where one pair of pins is connected and the other is not. The lamp may be fitted in a switch-start fixture, providing an ohmic connection between two pins in different pairs, as well as a rapid-start fixture, with a capacitive connection.
1. A system comprising:
an electric lamp comprising:
a lighting module with at least two terminals; and
four external connection pins arranged in pairs, wherein each pair of connection pins is associated with an automatic switch operable to connect a first connection pin in the pair to a terminal, each switch configured to close in response to non-zero voltage at its associated pair of connection pins,
and a dummy starter to replace a starter in a switch-start circuit fixture for connecting the electric lamp to mains voltage.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electric lamp comprises a further automatic switch operable to connect a second connection pin in a pair to one of said at least two terminals on the lighting module, said further switch configured to close in response to non-zero voltage at its associated pair of connection pins.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electric lamp further comprises a further automatic switch operable to connect a second connection pin in a pair to a further terminal on the lighting module, said further switch configured to close in response to non-zero voltage at its associated pair of connection pins.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein:
the lighting module has four terminals;
the lamp comprises automatic switches which are operable to connect terminals and connection pins in a one-to-one relationship, each switch being adapted to close in response to non-zero voltage at its associated pair of connection pins.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electric lamp further comprises a housing wherein:
the terminals of the lighting module and the automatic switches are contained in the housing; and
the four pins extend through the housing.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the spatial configuration of said four pins is rigid.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the automatic switch is adapted to open in response to zero voltage at its associated pair of connection pins.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the automatic switch is an electrically operated switch.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the electric lamp comprising at least one electric relay for acting as one or more of said automatic switches, wherein the input terminals of each relay are connected to the connection pins in a pair.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the at least one electric relay is a normally-open relay.
11. The system of claim 10 , adapted to replace a fluorescent tube lamp associated with a nominal burn voltage,
wherein two electric relays act as said automatic switches and the sum of their winding voltages is approximately equal to the nominal burn voltage.
12. The system according to claim 11 , characterized in that the lighting module is an LED module for enabling the electric lamp to retrofit a conventional fluorescent lamp.
13. A kit of parts comprising:
an electric lamp comprising:
a lighting module with at least two terminals; and
four external connection pins arranged in pairs,
wherein each pairs of connection pins is associated with an automatic switch
operable to connect a first connection pin in the pair to terminal, each
switch being adapted to close in response to non-zero voltage at its associated pair of connection pins: and
a dummy starter to replace a starter in a switch-start circuit fixture for connecting a the lamp to mains voltage.
14. The kit of parts of claim 13 , wherein the dummy starter comprises a pass-through component.
15. The kit of parts of claim 13 , wherein the dummy starter comprises a current-limiting component.
16. A method of safely operating an electric lamp comprising a lighting module with at least two terminals and further comprising four external connection pins arranged in two pairs connectable to respective supply-voltage sockets,
the method comprising:
monitoring the voltage at each pair of connection pins; and
connecting, responsive to non-zero voltage at a pair of connection pins, a first connection pin in the pair to a terminal.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
continuously monitoring the voltage at the pair of connection pins, in which a pin is connected to a terminal; and
disconnecting, responsive to zero voltage at said pair of connection pins, the connection pins from any terminals.