Methods for treating or preventing urological inflammation
Described herein are methods for treating or preventing urological inflammation in a subject comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound comprising a. a modified hyaluronan or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, wherein said hyaluronan or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester comprises at least one sulfate group and at least one primary C-6 hydroxyl position of an N-acetyl-glucosamine residue comprising an alkyl group or fluoroalkyl group; b. a partially or fully sulfated hyaluronan or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, or a combination thereof.
1. A method for treating or preventing urological inflammation in a subject comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a sulfated hyaluronan or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, wherein (1) 100% of the primary C-6 hydroxyl protons of the N-acetyl-glucosamine residue of the sulfated hyaluronan are substituted with a sulfate group, (2) the sulfated hyaluronan has a degree of sulfation from 3.0 to 4.0, and (3) the sulfated hyaluronan has an average molecular weight from 1 kDa to 3 kDa.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one C-2 hydroxyl proton and C-3 hydroxyl proton of a uronic acid residue and at least one C-4 hydroxyl proton of an N-acetyl-glucosamine residue of hyaluronan is substituted with a sulfate group.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable ester is a prodrug.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is administered as a pharmaceutical composition.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the composition is administered transmucosally.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the composition is administered transmucosally, wherein the transmucosal administration comprises vaginal or by intravesical instillation.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the composition further comprises an anti-inflammatory agent, an anti-pyretic agent, steroidal and non-steroidal drugs for anti-inflammatory use, a hormone, a growth factor, a contraceptive agent, an antiviral, an antibacterial, an antifungal, an analgesic, a hypnotic, a sedative, a tranquilizer, an anti-convulsant, a muscle relaxant, a local anesthetic, an antispasmodic, an antiulcer drug, a peptidic agonist, a sympathiomimetic agent, a cardiovascular agent, an antitumor agent, or an oligonucleotide.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound is an organic salt, a metal salt, or a combination thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound is a salt selected from the group consisting of NH 4 + , Na + , Li + , K + , Ca +2 , Mg +2 , Fe +2 , Fe +3 , Cu +2 , Al +3 , Zn +hu 2 , 2-trimethylethanolammonium cation (choline), or a quaternary salt of isopropylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, ethanolamine, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, 2-diethylaminoethanol, lysine, arginine, and histidine.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the urological inflammation comprises inflammation of the bladder, urethra, urothelium lining, prostate, vagina, uterus, or any combination thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the administration of the compound inhibits the activity of LL-37 in a subject.