Composite membrane
The present invention is intended to provide a composite membrane excellent in both durability and moisture permeability. The present invention provides a composite membrane formed by laminating a layer of a moisture-permeable resin on one surface of a hydrophobic porous membrane, the composite membrane being characterized in that the layer of the moisture-permeable resin is included in a reinforcing porous membrane.
1. A composite membrane comprising:
a reinforcing porous membrane;
a hydrophobic porous membrane; and
a layer of moisture-permeable resin formed on an upper surface and impregnated within the reinforcing porous membrane,
wherein a lower surface of the reinforcing porous membrane is attached to the hydrophobic porous membrane.
2. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the layer of the moisture-permeable resin is exposed out of the lower surface of the reinforcing porous membrane.
3. The composite membrane according to claim 2 , wherein at least a part of the layer of the moisture-permeable resin exposed out of the lower surface of the reinforcing porous membrane is included into the hydrophobic porous membrane but is not exposed out of a lower surface of the hydrophobic porous membrane.
4. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the layer of the moisture-permeable resin has a thickness of 25 μm or less.
5. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the layer of the moisture-permeable resin has a thickness of 10 μm or less.
6. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the layer of the moisture-permeable resin has a thickness of 5 μm or less.
7. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the moisture-permeable resin has swelling properties in which a swelling degree obtained from a volume change of the resin between before and after a water resistance test as described below is from 2 to 20 times;
the swelling degree=the resin volume after the water resistance test/the resin volume before the water resistance test; and
the water resistance test: the resin is allowed to stand for 24 hours in an environment with a temperature of 120° C. and a water vapor pressure of 0.23 MPa and then immersed in water with a temperature of 25° C. for 15 minutes.
8. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the moisture-permeable resin is any of a polystyrene sulfonic acid, a polyvinyl alcohol, a vinyl alcohol copolymer, a fluorine-based ion exchange resin, a resin having a protic hydrophilic group in the repeating unit thereof, and a resin having an aprotic hydrophilic group in the repeating unit thereof.
9. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the moisture-permeable resin is any of a fluorine-based ion exchange resin, a polyvinyl alcohol, and a polyurethane.
10. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the reinforcing porous membrane is an expanded PTFE membrane.
11. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , further comprising an air-permeable reinforcing material laminated on a lower surface of the hydrophobic porous membrane opposite to an upper surface of the hydrophobic porous membrane having the reinforcing porous membrane attached thereon.
12. The composite membrane according to claim 11 , wherein the air-permeable reinforcing material is any of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, and a net.
13. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the composite membrane is used as a water vapor separation membrane.