Biochemical markers of red blood cell storage and toxicity
Compositions and methods for determining post-transfusion survival or toxicity of red blood cells and the suitability of red blood cell units for transfusion by measuring the levels of one or more markers in a red blood cell sample are provided.
1. A method for determining the suitability of a stored blood sample comprising red blood cells (RBCs) for use in a blood transfusion, the method comprising the steps of:
a) measuring a level of one or more markers in the stored blood sample, wherein the one or more markers is selected from the group consisting of 9-HODE, 13-HODE, Prostaglandin E2, 1-palmitoylglycerophosphoinositol, 1-stearoylglycerophosphoinositol and, 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin E2, of a blood donor at a time of donation;
b) comparing the level of the one or more markers in the stored blood sample with a level of the one or more markers present in a control blood sample determined to be suitable for use in a blood transfusion;
c) determining a higher level of the one or more markers in the stored blood sample compared to the control blood sample that indicates a lower RBC storage quality of the RBCs of the stored blood sample as compared to RBCs of the control blood sample and thereby predicting a lower post-transfusion survival of the of the RBCs of the stored blood sample than RBCs of the control blood sample, or determining an absence of a higher level of the one or more markers in the stored blood sample compared to the control blood sample, and
d) excluding the stored blood sample from use in the blood transfusion when a lower RBC storage quality of the RBCs of the stored blood sample is indicated as compared to the RBCs of the control blood sample, and using the stored blood sample in the blood transfusion when an absence of a higher level of the one or more markers in the stored blood sample compared to the control blood sample is determined.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the level of the one or more markers is obtained during the time of storage of the RBC sample.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the level of the one or more markers is obtained by mass spectrometry.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the mass spectrometry is gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) or liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS).
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the measurement is performed by ELISA.