OMEGA-3 PHOSPHOLIPID SUPPLEMENTS FOR FEMALES
The invention relates to omega-3 phospholipid supplements for females, and in particular to omega-3 phospholipid supplements with increased bioavailability as evidenced by increased EPA and DHA in plasma phospholipids and an increase in omega-3 index as compared to males. In preferred embodiments, the omega-3 phospholipid is krill oil.
1 . A method of increasing the omega-3 phospholipid content of plasma phospholipids in a female subject as compared to male subjects comprising:
administering an omega-3 phospholipid supplement to said female subject under conditions such that the omega-3 phospholipid content of plasma phospholipids in said female subject is increased.
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering to said female subject from about 2 to 6 grams of said omega-3 phospholipid supplement for a period at least six weeks to effect an increase in omega-3 index of from about 1.8 to 2.5 fold as compared to control subjects not receiving the treatment.
3 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering to said female subject from about 2 to 6 grams of said omega-3 phospholipid supplement for a period at least twelve weeks to effect an increase in omega-3 index of from about 2.5 to 3.5 fold as compared to control subjects not receiving the treatment.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said female subject is not receiving a concurrent lipid altering therapy.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said omega-3 phospholipid supplement is a krill oil, fish oil, fish roe oil, or fish byproduct oil.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein said krill oil comprises from about 35% to 60%; from about 20% to 45% triglycerides on a w/w basis; and from about 50 to about 2500 mg/kg astaxanthin.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein said composition comprises from about 3% to 10% ether phospholipids on a w/w basis, so that the total amount of ether phospholipids and non-ether phospholipids in the composition is from about 48% to 60% on a w/w basis.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein said composition comprises from about 25% to 30% omega-3 fatty acids as a percentage of total fatty acids and wherein from about 80% to 90% of said omega-3 fatty acids are attached to said phospholipids.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein said composition comprises from about 100 to about 2500 mg/kg astaxanthin.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said omega-3 supplement comprises from about 1% to about 10% w/w ether phospholipids; from about 27% to 50% w/w non-ether phospholipids so that the amount of total phospholipids in the composition is from about 30% to 60% w/w; from about 20% to 50% w/w triglycerides; from about 100 to about 2500 mg/kg astaxanthin; and from about 20% to 35% omega-3 fatty acids as a percentage of total fatty acids in said composition, wherein from about 70% to 95% of said omega-3 fatty acids are attached to said phospholipids.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said omega-3 is selected from EPA and DHA and combinations thereof.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said female subject is a human.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said administration is oral.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the omega-3 index is increased in said female subject as compared to a male subject.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said administration effects a 35% to 55% increase in EPA in plasma phospholipids as compared to males and a 30% to 50% increase in DHA in plasma phospholipids as compared to males.
16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said administration effects a 20% to 40% increase in EPA in plasma phospholipids as compared to females receiving fish oil and a 30% to 50% increase in DHA in plasma phospholipids as compared to females receiving fish oil.
17 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said administration of said omega-3 supplements effects a reduction in burping as compared to control subjects receiving fish oil.
18 . A method of increasing the omega-3 index in a female subject as compared to male subjects comprising:
administering to said female subject from about 2 to 6 grams of an omega-3 phospholipid supplement for a period at least twelve weeks to effect an increase in omega-3 index of from about 2.5 to 3.5 fold as compared to control subjects not receiving the treatment.
19 . A method of increasing the omega-3 index in a female subject as compared to male subjects comprising:
administering to said female subject from about 2 to 6 grams of a krill oil supplement for a period at least twelve weeks to effect an increase in omega-3 index of from about 2.5 to 3.5 fold as compared to control subjects not receiving the treatment, wherein said krill oil supplement comprises from about 1% to about 10% w/w ether phospholipids; from about 27% to 50% w/w non-ether phospholipids so that the amount of total phospholipids in the composition is from about 30% to 60% w/w; from about 20% to 50% w/w triglycerides; from about 100 to about 2500 mg/kg astaxanthin; and from about 20% to 35% omega-3 fatty acids as a percentage of total fatty acids in said composition, wherein from about 70% to 95% of said omega-3 fatty acids are attached to said phospholipids.