Method for converting biomass to methane
A method for enhancing the treatment of lignocellulose-containing materials by biotreatment wherein such lignocellulose-containing materials, normally resistant to biotreatment, are first subjected to a low-temperature, long-residence time pyrolysis at about 175° C. to about 325° C. for about 0.1 hour to about 2.0 hours, wherein a substantial portion of the incoming material is distilled into water-soluble compounds amenable to anaerobic biotreatment. Exemplary applications of the method include pyrolytic pre-treatment of wastewater sludges, cellulosic wastes, wood, peat, plant residues, low-grade coal, and the like to enhance methane gas production in anaerobic digestion and/or oxygen-limited or oxygen-starved fermentation to produce ethanol.
1. A method for converting a wastewater treatment sludge in a biotreatment process to produce a methanaceous fuel gas, comprising:
treating said sludge by way of anaerobic biological treatment step to produce a methanaceous fuel gas and a dewatered solids stream;
subjecting said dewatered solids stream to pyrolysis to produce (a) a pyroligneous liquid containing biotreatable liquid substances, (b) a pyrogas, and (c) pyrosolids including char;
separating said pyrosolids from said pyroligneous liquid and pyrogas; and
subjecting said pyroligneous liquid to said anaerobic biological treatment step to produce additional methanaceous fuel gas.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said pyrolysis is conducted at a temperature of between about 175 ° C. and about 325 ° C.
3. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said pyrolysis is conducted with a solids residence time of about 0.1 hour and about 2 hours.
4. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said pyrolysis is conducted with a solids residence time of about 0.1 hour and about 0.5 hour.
5. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said anaerobic biological treatment step is conducted with methanogenic microorganisms.
6. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of said pyrogas is introduced into said anaerobic biological treatment step.
7. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein a major portion of said pyrogas is introduced into said anaerobic biological treatment step.
8. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said separated pyrosolids are used as an agronomic soil amendment.
9. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said method further includes a step of removing toxic substances from said pyroligneous acid before introduction into said biological treatment step.
10. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said method includes a further step of adding at least one of a sugar and vitamins and minerals to said biological treatment step.
11. A method in accordance with claim 1 , further comprising a step of adding municipal solid waste to said pyrolysis step.
12. A method for treating lignocellulose-containing material, comprising the steps of:
introducing lignocellulose-containing material to an anaerobic biotreatment step wherein methanogenic microorganisms produce a methane-containing biogas and an aqueous stream containing residual biosolids;
dewatering said residual biosolids;
subjecting said residual biosolids materials to a pyrolysis to produce a pyrolysis product comprising a pyrogas;
introducing at least a portion of said pyrogas to said anaerobic biotreatment step, wherein said introduced pyrogas portion mixes with said biogas produced in said anaerobic biotreatment step; and
separating and removing said mixed pyrogas and biogas for use as a fuel gas.
13. A claim in accordance with claim 12 , wherein said pyrolysis is conducted at a temperature of about 175 ° C. to about 325 ° C.
14. A claim in accordance with claim 12 , wherein said pyrolysis is conducted with a solids residence time of about 0.1 hour to about 2.0 hours.
15. A claim in accordance with claim 12 , wherein said pyrolysis is conducted with a solids residence time of about 0.1 hour to about 0.5 hours.