Electrostatic haptic based user input elements

1. A user input element, comprising:

a first part comprising a first electrode defining a first capacitive surface;

a second part comprising a second electrode defining a second capacitive surface configured to be movable relative to the first capacitive surface, the second part in contact with the first part at an interface; and

an insulator positioned in between the first capacitive surface and the second capacitive surface so that an electrostatic haptic effect is generated when the second capacitive surface is moved relative to the first capacitive surface from a first position to a second position,

wherein a voltage difference is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode by a voltage generator to generate the first capacitive surface and the second capacitive surface and to change a friction force between the first part and the second part at the interface and generate the electrostatic haptic effect.

2. The user input element of claim 1 , wherein the first part comprises the insulator and the insulator covers the first electrode.

3. The user input element of claim 1 , wherein the second part comprises the insulator and the insulator covers the second electrode.

4. The user input element of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is fixed in position.

5. The user input element of claim 1 , wherein the first part comprises a plurality of first electrodes defining the first capacitive surface and the second part comprises a plurality of second electrodes defining the second capacitive surface.

6. The user input element of claim 5 , wherein the electrostatic haptic effect is generated when the voltage difference is applied to the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes by the voltage generator.

7. The user input element of claim 1 , further comprising a resilient element configured to bias the second capacitive surface in the first position.

8. The user input element of claim 1 , wherein the user input element is a key of a keyboard.

9. The user input element of claim 1 , wherein the user input element is a button of a user input device.

10. The user input element of claim 9 , wherein the user input device is a computer mouse.

11. The user input element of claim 1 , wherein the user input element is a joystick.

12. The user input element of claim 1 , wherein the user input element is a button, a trigger, or a joystick on a gaming peripheral.

13. A haptic feedback interface system configured to provide haptic effects to a user operating the system, the system comprising:

a computer comprising a processor;

a display configured to display images output from the computer; and

a user input element configured to manipulate an object displayed on the display or an object to be displayed on the display, the user input element comprising

a first part comprising a first electrode defining a first capacitive surface,

a second part comprising a second electrode defining a second capacitive surface configured to be movable relative to the first capacitive surface, the second part in contact with the first part at an interface, and

an insulator positioned in between the first capacitive surface and the second capacitive surface so that an electrostatic haptic effect is generated when the second capacitive surface is moved relative to the first capacitive surface from a first position to a second position,

wherein a voltage difference is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode by a voltage generator to generate the first capacitive surface and the second capacitive surface and to change a friction force between the first part and the second part at the interface and generate the electrostatic haptic effect.

14. The system of claim 13 , further comprising a resilient element configured to bias the second capacitive surface in the first position.

15. The system of claim 13 , wherein the first part comprises a plurality of first electrodes defining the first capacitive surface and the second part comprises a plurality of second electrodes defining the second capacitive surface.

16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the electrostatic haptic effect is generated when the voltage difference is applied to the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes by the voltage generator.

17. The system of claim 13 , further comprising a keyboard operatively connected to the computer, wherein the user input element is a key of the keyboard.

18. The system of claim 13 , further comprising a user input device operatively connected to the computer, wherein the user input element is a button of the user input device.

19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the user input device is a computer mouse.

20. The system of claim 13 , wherein the system is a gaming system and the user input element is a joystick operatively connected to the computer.

21. The system of claim 13 , further comprising a gaming peripheral operatively connected to the computer, wherein the user input element is a button, a trigger, or a joystick on the gaming peripheral.