Surface-treatment method of cathode active material and cathode active material formed therefrom
The present invention provides a method for treating the particle surface of a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, the method comprising (a) preparing a cathode active material having a lithium compound; (b) generating a plasma from a gas comprising at least one of a fluorine-containing gas and a phosphorus-containing gas as a part of a reactive gas; and (c) removing lithium impurities present on the particle surface of the cathode active material with the plasma. In accordance with the present invention, the amount of the lithium impurities present on the particle surface of the cathode active material can be reduced to suppress a side reaction of the lithium impurities and an electrolyte.
1. A method for treating particle surface of a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, the method comprising:
(a) preparing a cathode active material comprising a lithium compound;
(b) generating a plasma from gases comprising at least one of a fluorine-containing gas and a phosphorus-containing gas as a part of a reactive gas; and
(c) removing lithium impurities present on particle surface of the cathode active material with the plasma,
wherein the reactive gas comprises SF 6 ,
wherein the gases further comprise a carrier gas comprising an inert gas, and
wherein the lithium impurities comprise at least one of LiOH and Li 2 CO 3 .
2. The method for treating particle surface of a cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium compound is selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiFePO 4 , LiFe 1-x Mn x PO 4 , LiNi 1-x-y Mn x Co y O 2 (0≦x<1, 0≦y<1) and LiNi 1-x-y-z Co x M1 y M2 z O 2 (wherein, M1 and M2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti, W, Ta, Ma and Mo; and x, y and z are each independently an atomic fraction of oxide-forming elements, in which 0≦x<1, 0≦y<1, and 0≦z<1).
3. The method for treating particle surface of a cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the reactive gas further comprises at least one selected from hydrogen, oxygen, hydrocarbon and a compound containing halogen family elements.
4. The method for treating particle surface of a cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the phosphorus-containing gas comprises at least one selected from PH 3 , P(CH 3 ) 3 and PF 3 .
5. The method for treating particle surface of a cathode active material according to claim 3 , wherein the hydrocarbon is CH 4 .
6. The method for treating particle surface of a cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the inert gas is at least one selected from nitrogen, argon, helium and neon.
7. The method for treating particle surface of a cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the reactive gas further comprises CH 4 , and the inert gas is N 2 .
8. The method for treating particle surface of a cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the step (b) is conducted by using a capacitively-coupled plasma (CCP) generator, an inductively-coupled plasma (ICP) generator, a direct current (DC) plasma generator or a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma generator.
9. The method for treating particle surface of a cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the step (c) comprises modifying at least part of the lithium impurities to LiF.
10. The method for treating particle surface of a cathode active material according to claim 9 , wherein the step (c) further comprises sputtering at least part of the lithium impurities with the accelerated ions of the plasma.