Battery cooling apparatus for electric vehicle
A battery pack apparatus has a plurality of battery cell units that are stacked together in generally parallel relation. The battery cell units are configured to define converging air flow spaces therebetween. An air inlet header provides a converging air inlet plenum that is situated adjacent one side of the battery cell units and an air outlet header provides a diverging air outlet plenum that is situated adjacent an opposite side of the battery cell units. A blower or fan forces air into the air inlet plenum. The air flows through the air flow spaces between the battery cell units to cool the battery cell units. The speed of the air increases as it advances through the air inlet plenum and the plurality of air flow spaces.
1. A battery pack apparatus comprising
a plurality of generally flat battery cells,
a plurality of heat transfer jackets, each heat transfer jacket encasing at least one of the plurality of battery cells, the plurality of heat transfer jackets being arranged in spaced apart fact-to-face relation and being configured such that a plurality of generally parallel converging air flow spaces are defined between the spaced apart faces of adjacent heat transfer jackets,
a top plate above the plurality of heat transfer jackets,
a bottom plate beneath the plurality of heat transfer jackets,
an air inlet duct covering a first side of the plurality of heat transfer jackets, the air inlet duct being shaped to define a converging air inlet plenum that becomes narrower in a direction from a first end of the battery pack apparatus toward a second end of the battery pack apparatus, and
an air outlet duct covering a second side of the plurality of heat transfer jackets, the air outlet duct being shaped to define a diverging air outlet plenum that becomes wider in a direction from the first end of the battery pack apparatus toward the second end of the battery pack apparatus, wherein each of the air flow spaces is in air flow communication with the first and second plenums, wherein the air inlet and the air outlet are separate elements that are fastened to the top and bottom plates.
2. The battery pack apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the top plate has a plurality of openings, the plurality of generally flat battery cells each have a positive terminal tab that extends through a respective one of the plurality of openings in the top plate.
3. The battery pack apparatus of claim 2 , wherein each of the plurality of generally flat battery cells have a negative terminal tab that extends through a respective one of the plurality of openings in the top plate.
4. The battery pack apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of openings of the top plate include a first row of openings through which a respective positive terminal tab extends and a second row of openings through which a respective negative terminal tab extends.
5. The battery pack apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the top plate is configured to electrically connect all of the positive terminal tabs with a main positive stud and to electrically connect all of the negative terminal tabs with a main negative stud.
6. The battery pack apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of heat transfer jackets encases a respective pair of the generally flat battery cells.
7. The battery pack apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a first end plate and a second end plate at opposite ends of the battery pack apparatus, portions of the first and second end plates extending upwardly beyond opposite ends of the top plate.
8. The battery pack apparatus of claim 7 , further comprising a set of coupling bars that couple to the end plates and that extend through apertures provided in portions of each heat transfer jacket of the plurality of heat transfer jackets.
9. The battery pack apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the set of coupling bars are situated between the top plate and the bottom plate.
10. The battery pack apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the apertures are rectangular in shape and each coupling bar has a rectangular cross section.
11. The battery pack apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of heat transfer jackets and the plurality of battery cells are sandwiched between the first and second end plates.
12. The battery pack apparatus of claim 7 , wherein a portion of the air inlet extends past the first end plate at a first end of the battery pack apparatus and a portion of the air outlet extends past the second end plate that a second end of the battery pack apparatus.