Drilling composition, process for its preparation, and applications thereof
The present invention relates to a drilling composition comprising an organic phase having at least one linear or branched, cyclic or non-cyclic, saturated hydrocarbon, at least one ester, water or aqueous phase, and at least one additive. The present invention additionally relates to the use and preparation of the drilling composition, to a drilling system, to a process for making a borehole, to a process for conveying cuttings, to a process for treating a drill head, and to a process for production of oil and/or gas.
1. A drilling composition comprising
I) an organic phase comprising components
i. from 92 wt. % to 98 wt. %, based on the total weight of components i. and ii., of at least one linear or branched, cyclic or non-cyclic, saturated hydrocarbon,
ii. from 2 wt. % to 8 wt. %, based on the total weight of components i. and ii., of at least one ester having a carbon chain distribution of an acid-derived component with carbon numbers in the ranges of from 0 to 0.50% C 6 , from 4.00% to 7.00% C 8 , from 5.00% to 8.00% C 10 , from 60.00% to 80.00% C 12 , from 10.00 to 20.00% C 14 , from 2.00 to 4.00% C 16 and from 0.1 to 0.60% C 18 , wherein the ester has a viscosity determined using a Brookfield RVT viscometer (Brookfield, RVT viscosity) at temperatures of 0° C. to 5° C. of not more than 10 mPas and a non-toxicity measured by the 96 hour LC 50 Mysid shrimp acute toxicity bioassay test result of greater than 800,000,
II) from 0 to about 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition, of water or aqueous phase, and
III) from 0 to about 60 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition, of at least one additive,
wherein the sum of the weight components I) to III) is 100 wt. % and wherein at least 50% of the ester is based on saturated aliphatic C 12 -C 14 monocarboxylic acids and a monofunctional C 2 -C 12 alcohol or mixtures thereof.
2. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one hydrocarbon is at least one alkane.
3. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is in the form of an emulsion.
4. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one additive is at least one additive selected from the group consisting of weighting agents, clays, fluid loss additives, pH modifiers, viscosity modifiers, filtration control agents, emulsifiers, salts, wetting agents, dispersants.
5. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon comprises at least one C 10 to C 25 alkane selected from the group consisting of n-alkanes, i-alkanes, sec-alkanes, tert-alkanes, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
6. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon comprises at least one iso-alkane.
7. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon comprises a polynuclear aromatic content measured by high resolution mass spectrometry of less than 50 ppm, whereby wt. % and ppm amounts are based on the total amount of component i.
8. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon comprises a viscosity of between 1 and 10 centistokes.
9. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon comprises a viscosity of less than 7 centistokes.
10. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon comprises a pour point in the range from −60° C. to −10° C.
11. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon comprises a pour point in the range from −58° C. to −15° C.
12. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , having at least one of the properties:
γ1) a plastic viscosity measured at 50° C. in the range from 15 to 25 mPa·s;
γ2) a yield point measured at 50° C. in the range from 5 to 45 lb/100 ft 2 (2.4 to 21.6 Pa); or
γ3) a gel strength measured at in the range from 4 to 10 lb/100 ft 2 (1.9 to 4.8 Pa).
13. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , having viscosity values (measured using a Brookfield RVT viscometer) at temperatures of 0° C. to 5° C. of not more than 50 mPas.
14. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , having viscosity values (measured using a Brookfield RVT viscometer) at temperatures of 0° C. to 5° C. of from 2.0 to 5.0 meas.
15. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , having storage stability at 20° C. of at least two weeks.
16. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , having storage stability at 20° C. of at least six months.
17. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the ester has
a) an acid value in a range of from 0 to 2.0 mg KOH/g,
b) a hydroxyl value in a range from 0 to 1.5 mg KOH/g;
c) biodegradability in seawater measured according to OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 306, adopted 17 Jul. 1992, in the range of from 90% to 100%;
d) non-toxicity measured by the 96 hour LC 50 Mysid shrimp acute toxicity bioassay test result of greater than 900,000; and
e) a flashpoint of above 150° C.
18. The drilling composition according to claim 1 , wherein the ester has
a) an acid value in a range of from 0.001 to 1.8 mg KOH/g,
b) a hydroxyl value in a range from 0 to 1.0 mg KOH/g;
c) biodegradability in seawater measured according to OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 306, adopted 17 Jul. 1992, in the range of from 95% to 100%;
d) non-toxicity measured by the 96 hour LC 50 Mysid shrimp acute toxicity bioassay test result of greater than 1,000,000; and
e) a flashpoint measured of above 100° C.