Provided herein are methods for treating planktonic bacteria or a biofilm. The methods include contacting the planktonic bacteria or biofilm with an effective amount of an isolated Citrobacter freundii colicin A polypeptide, wherein the polypeptide has an antibacterial activity against the planktonic bacteria or the biofilm. Methods are also provided herein for treating a subject that has a bacterial infection, for example caused by a biofilm. The methods can be used to treat a biofilm on a living or non-living surface. Also provided herein are Citrobacter freundii colicin A polypeptides that have an antibacterial activity against planktonic bacteria or surface attached bacteria, and nucleic acid sequences encoding the polypeptides. Medical devices comprising a surface having an antimicrobial effective amount of a Citrobacter freundii colicin A polypeptide, or a nucleic acid molecule encoding the polypeptide, are also disclosed.
1. A method for treating a biofilm, comprising contacting the biofilm with an effective amount of an antibacterial agent, wherein the agent comprises an isolated Citrobacter freundii colicin A polypeptide and wherein the colicin A polypeptide has an antibacterial activity against the biofilm, thereby treating the biofilm.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting for treatment a surface infected with a biofilm.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the colicin A polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO: 1.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biofilm is on a medical device suitable for surgical implantation within the body.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the medical device is a catheter, a stent, a shunt, an endotracheal tube, a gastric feeding tube, a prosthetic joint, an intrauterine device, a voice prosthesis, a central venous catheter, a tympanostomy tube, a prosthetic heart valve, or a pacemaker.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the biofilm reduces biofilm cell viability by at least 2%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 50%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biofilm comprises Gram-negative bacteria.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the Gram-negative bacteria is Enterobacteriacae bacteria.
9. The method of claim 6 , further comprising one or more additional administrations of the Citrobacter freundii colicin polypeptide to inhibit growth of the biofilm.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the biofilm with an effective amount of a second antibacterial agent, an antifungal agent and/or an antiprotozoal agent.
11. A method for treating a subject infected with a biofilm, comprising:
administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an antibacterial agent, wherein the antibacterial agent comprises a Citrobacter freundii colicin A polypeptide and wherein the colicin A polypeptide has an antibacterial activity against the biofilm, thereby treating the subject.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising selecting for treatment a subject infected with a biofilm.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the colicin A polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO: 1.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the biofilm is on a medical device implanted in the subject.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the medical device is a catheter, a stent, a shunt, an endotracheal tube, a gastric feeding tube, a prosthetic joint, an intrauterine device, a voice prosthesis, a central venous catheter, a tympanostomy tube, a prosthetic heart valve, or a pacemaker.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein treating the subject reduces biofilm cell viability by at least 2%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 50%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising one or more additional administrations of the pharmaceutical composition to the subject to inhibit further growth of the bacterial biofilm.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein the biofilm comprises Gram-negative bacteria.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the Gram-negative bacteria is Enterobacteriacae bacteria.
20. The method of claim 11 , further comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a second antibacterial agent, an antifungal agent and/or an antiprotozoal agent.