System and method for diversity coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)
The present invention provides a Diversity Coding—Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DC-OFDM) system and method that applies diversity coding to OFDM-based systems and provides improved probability of successful reception at the receiver and transparent self-healing and fault-tolerance. Diversity coding is well suited for OFDM-based systems because of its spatial diversity nature (parallel links). DC-OFDM provides the best performance when the probability of link error is high or when a link (sub-channel) fails. Also, by implementing diversity coding in OFDM-based systems, a reliable communication can be provided that is quite tolerant of link failures, since data and protection lines are transmitted via multiple sub-channels.
1. A method for transmitting data symbols in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, the method comprising:
identifying a number of data subcarriers of the OFDM system and a number of protection subcarriers of the OFDM system;
generating two or more uncoded data symbols;
generating one or more diversity coded data symbols by performing mathematical operations on the two or more uncoded data symbols in a Galois Field, the one or more diversity coded data symbols including a combination of the one or more uncoded data symbols and the diversity coded data symbols having the same number of bits as the two or more uncoded data symbols;
transmitting, by a transmitter, each of the two or more uncoded data symbols on the number of data subcarriers of the OFDM system; and
transmitting, by the transmitter, each of the one or more diversity coded data symbols on the number of protection subcarriers of the OFDM system.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more diversity coded data symbols includes a checksum.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the checksum is equal to the logical XOR function of the uncoded data symbols.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the more number of data subcarriers is greater than the one or more number of protection subcarriers.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the number of protection subcarriers is equal to one protection subcarrier.
6. A method for recovering lost data symbols in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, the method comprising:
receiving, by a receiver, two or more uncoded data symbols transmitted on a number of data subcarriers of the OFDM system and one or more diversity coded data symbols transmitted on a number of protection subcarriers of the OFDM system, the one or more diversity coded data symbols generated by performing mathematical operations on the two or more uncoded data symbols in a Galois Field, the one or more diversity coded data symbols including a combination of the two or more uncoded data symbols and the coded data symbols having the same number of bits as the two or more uncoded data symbols; and
when one or more of the uncoded data symbols is lost during transmission, recovering the one or more lost uncoded data symbols using the one or more diversity coded data symbols.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the one or more diversity coded data symbols includes a checksum.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the checksum is equal to the logical XOR function of the uncoded data symbols.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the number of data subcarriers is greater than the number of protection subcarriers.
10. The method of claim 6 , wherein the number of protection subcarriers is equal to one protection subcarrier.
11. The method of claim 6 , wherein recovering the one or more lost uncoded data symbols using the one or more diversity coded data symbols further comprises calculating the logical XOR of the one or more diversity coded data symbols and the one or more lost uncoded data symbols.
12. The method of claim 6 , further comprising detecting that one or more uncoded data symbols has been lost during transmission.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein detecting that one or more uncoded data symbols has been lost during transmission comprises detecting that the number of errors in the one or more uncoded data symbols exceeds an error correction capability of a forward error correction code (FEC).
14. A system for recovering data in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, the system comprising:
a transmitter configured for identifying a number of data subcarriers of the OFDM system and a number of protection subcarriers of the OFDM system, for generating two or more uncoded data symbols, for generating one or more diversity coded data symbols, the one or more diversity coded data symbols generated by performing mathematical operations on the two or more uncoded data symbols in a Galois Field, the one or more diversity coded data symbols including a combination of the two or more uncoded data symbols and the diversity coded data symbols having the same number of bits as the two or more uncoded data symbols, for transmitting each of the one two or more uncoded data symbols on the number of data subcarriers of the OFDM system and for transmitting each of the one or more diversity coded data symbols on the number of protection subcarriers of the OFDM system; and
a receiver configured for receiving the one or more diversity coded data symbols and for recovering the lost uncoded data symbols using the one or more diversity coded data symbols when one or more of the uncoded data symbols is lost during transmission.
15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the one or more diversity coded data symbols includes a checksum.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the checksum is equal to the logical XOR function of the uncoded data symbols.
17. The system of claim 14 , wherein the number of data subcarriers is greater than the one or more protection subcarriers.
18. The system of claim 14 , wherein the number of protection subcarriers is equal to one protection subcarrier.
19. The system of claim 14 , wherein the receiver is further configured for recovering the one or more lost uncoded data symbols using the one or more diversity coded data symbols by calculating the logical XOR of the one or more diversity coded data symbols and the one or more lost uncoded data symbols.