Process for manufacturing porous membranes
The present invention pertains to a process for the manufacture of a porous membrane, said process comprising the following steps: (i) providing a composition [composition (F)] comprising: —at least one fluoropolymer [polymer (F)] comprising recurring units derived from at least one (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) having formula (I) wherein: —R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , equal to or different from each other, are independently selected from a hydrogen atom and a C 1 -C 3 hydrocarbon group, and —R X is a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 5 hydrocarbon moiety comprising at least one functional group selected from a hydroxyl, a carboxyl, an epoxide, an ester and an ether group, and —at least one poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO); (ii) processing said composition (F) to provide a film; (iii) treating the film so obtained with an aqueous composition to provide said porous membrane. The present invention also relates to films and compositions used in said process, to porous membranes obtained from said process and to use of said porous membranes as separators in Lithium-ion batteries, as filtration membranes or in biomedical applications.
1. A process for the manufacture of a symmetrical porous membrane, said process comprising:
processing a composition (F) by extrusion to provide a film, wherein composition (F) comprises:
at least one fluoropolymer [polymer (F)] comprising recurring units derived from at least one (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) of formula (I):
wherein:
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , equal to or different from each other, are independently selected from a hydrogen atom and a C 1 -C 3 hydrocarbon group, and
R X is a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 5 hydrocarbon moiety comprising at least one functional group selected from a hydroxyl, a carboxyl, an epoxide, an ester and an ether group, and
greater than 30% by volume, based on the total volume of the composition, of at least one poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO);
wherein composition (F) is a powdery composition (F p ) comprising the at least one polymer (F) and the at least one poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO) both in the form of powders; and
treating the film so obtained with an aqueous composition to provide said porous membrane, wherein said porous membrane comprises greater than 0% by weight of the at least one poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO).
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein polymer (F) comprises from 0.1% to 10% by moles of recurring units derived from at least one (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) of formula (I).
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) complies with formula (III):
wherein:
R″ 1 , R″ 2 and R″ 3 are hydrogen atoms, and
R″ x is a C 1 -C 5 hydrocarbon moiety comprising at least one hydroxyl group.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer (F) is a fluoropolymer [polymer (F 1 )] comprising:
recurring units derived from vinylidene fluoride (VDF), and
recurring units derived from at least one (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) of formula (I).
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer (F) is a fluoropolymer [polymer (F 2 )] comprising:
recurring units derived from ethylene (E),
recurring units derived from a fluorinated comonomer (F) selected from tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) and mixtures thereof, and
recurring units derived from at least one (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) of formula (I).
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO) has a number average molecular weight comprised between 100000 and 5000000.
7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO) is poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO).
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the composition (F) contains at most 80% by volume, based on the total volume of the composition, of at least one poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO).
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO) has a number average molecular weight comprised between 200000 and 4000000.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO) has a number average molecular weight comprised between 300000 and 2000000.
11. A symmetrical porous membrane comprising:
at least one fluoropolymer [polymer (F 1 )] or at least one fluoropolymer [polymer (F 2 )], or mixtures thereof wherein:
polymer (F 1 ) comprises:
recurring units derived from vinylidene fluoride (VDF), and
recurring units derived from at least one (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) of formula (I); and
polymer (F 2 ) comprises:
recurring units derived from ethylene (E),
recurring units derived from a fluorinated comonomer (F) selected from tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) and mixtures thereof, and
recurring units derived from at least one (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) of formula (I);
and wherein the (meth)acrylic monomer (MA) of formula (I) is:
wherein:
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , equal to or different from each other, are independently selected from a hydrogen atom and a C 1 -C 3 hydrocarbon group, and
R X is a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 5 hydrocarbon moiety comprising at least one functional group selected from a hydroxyl, a carboxyl, an epoxide, an ester and an ether group, and
at least one poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO) in an amount of greater than 0% by weight and less than 20% by weight, based on the weight of said porous membrane.
12. A lithium ion battery comprising a separator, wherein the separator comprises the porous membrane according to claim 11 .
13. A biomedical device comprising a filtration membrane, wherein the filtration membrane comprises the porous membrane according to claim 11 .
14. A filtration membrane comprising the porous membrane according to claim 11 .
15. The porous membrane of claim 11 , wherein the at least one poly(alkylene oxide) (PAO) is present in an amount of greater than 0% by weight and less than 10% by weight, based on the weight of said porous membrane.