Signatures and determinants associated with prostate cancer progression and methods of use thereof
The present invention provides a set of DETERMINANTS (e.g., genes and gene products) that can accurately inform about the risk of cancer progression and recurrence, as well as methods of their use.
1. A method for treating a cancer patient, comprising:
immunohistochemically measuring the levels of DERL1 and CUL2 in a tissue sample from the patient, detecting a decrease in the CUL2 level and an increase in the DERL1 level relative to a reference value, and
treating the patient with adjuvant therapy.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tissue sample is a solid tissue sample, a bodily fluid sample, or circulating tumor cells.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid tissue sample is a formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue sample, a snap-frozen tissue sample, an ethanol-fixed tissue sample, a tissue sample fixed with an organic solvent, a tissue sample fixed with plastic or epoxy, a cross-linked tissue sample, a surgically removed tumor tissue, or a biopsy sample.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tissue sample comprises prostate cancer tissue.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the levels of DERL1 and CUL2 are detected by immunofluorescence assay.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the biopsy sample is a core biopsy, an excisional tissue biopsy, or an incisional tissue biopsy.
7. The method of claim 1 , which comprises measuring the levels of two to five DETERMINANTS 1-741 of Table 2.
8. The method of claim 1 , which further comprises measuring a level of SMAD4 in a sample from the patient, wherein a decrease in a SMAD4 level relative to a reference value is indicative of a prognosis that the patient is at high risk of having metastatic cancer or recurrence of cancer.
9. A reaction mixture comprising a prostate tissue sample, a DERL1 antibody or fragment thereof, and a CUL2 antibody or fragment thereof.
10. The reaction mixture of claim 9 , further comprising a first label that indicates presence of the DERL1 antibody or fragment thereof and a second label that indicates presence of the CUL2 antibody or fragment thereof.
11. The reaction mixture of claim 9 , further comprising a SMAD4 antibody or fragment thereof.
12. The reaction mixture of claim 11 , further comprising a third label that indicates presence of the SMAD4 antibody or fragment thereof.