Apparatus for retention of molten material outside generation IV reactor after nuclear power plant accident
An apparatus for retention of molten material for a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident comprises an inner wall which is peripherally closed, a vapor channel wall with an opening at the bottom fixed in the inner side of the inner wall, a pressure vessel disposed in the vapor channel wall, a vapor rising channel formed between the pressure vessel and the vapor channel wall, and it further comprises an outer wall surrounding the inner wall, a core molten material retention apparatus fixed at the bottom of the inner wall, and a deflector keeping away from the inner wall and the core molten material retention apparatus to form a gap; wherein a coolant falling channel is formed between the outer wall and the deflector, a coolant inlet is disposed at the bottom of the deflector, and a coolant channel is disposed between the inner wall and the core molten material retention apparatus; a core molten material retention recess is disposed at the upper surface of the core molten material retention apparatus, and the lower surface of the core molten material retention apparatus is arch-shaped; the core molten material retention apparatus is made of non-metal inorganic fireproof material. The invention adopts the design of molten material retention outside the reactor, using different material containing molten material and cooling the molten material by coolant cycle and the deflector structure, thus to improve the safety of the nuclear power plant.
1. An apparatus for retention of molten material outside a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident, said apparatus comprising:
an inner wall which is peripherally closed,
a vapor channel wall with an opening at a bottom fixed at an inner side of the inner wall,
a pressure vessel disposed in the vapor channel wall, and
a vapor rising channel formed between the pressure vessel and the vapor channel wall,
wherein the apparatus further comprises an outer wall which is peripherally closed and located above a bottom plate and which surrounds the inner wall, a core molten material retention apparatus fixed at a bottom of the inner wall, and a deflector located between the inner wall and the outer wall and kept away from the inner wall and the core molten material retention apparatus to form gaps;
wherein a coolant falling channel is formed between the outer wall and the deflector, a coolant inlet is disposed at a bottom of the deflector, and a coolant channel is disposed between the inner wall and the core molten material retention apparatus; a core molten material retention recess is disposed at an upper surface of the core molten material retention apparatus and under the pressure vessel, and a lower surface of the core molten material retention apparatus is arch-shaped; the core molten material retention apparatus is made of non-metal inorganic fireproof material.
2. The apparatus for retention of molten material outside a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident according to claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic inorganic fireproof material is acid fireproof material, neutral fireproof material, alkaline fireproof material or high-temperature composite material.
3. The apparatus for retention of molten material outside a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident according to claim 2 , wherein the acid fireproof material is silicon oxide.
4. The apparatus for retention of molten material outside a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident according to claim 2 , wherein the neutral fireproof material is aluminum oxide, chromium oxide or graphite.
5. The apparatus for retention of molten material outside a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident according to claim 2 , wherein the alkaline fireproof material is magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, lanthanum oxide, beryllium oxide or zirconium oxide.
6. The apparatus for retention of molten material outside a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident according to claim 2 , wherein the high-temperature composite material is cermet or fiber reinforced ceramic.
7. The apparatus for retention of molten material outside a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident according to claim 1 , wherein a diameter of the core molten material retention recess is in range of 4 m to 8 m, a depth is in range of 1.8 m to 4 m, and a thickness between a bottom of the core molten material retention recess and a bottom of the core molten material retention apparatus is in range of 0.5 m to 2 m.
8. The apparatus for retention of molten material outside a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident according to claim 1 , wherein a arch height of the lower surface of the core molten retention apparatus is in range of 0.1 m to 2 m.
9. The apparatus for retention of molten material outside a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident according to claim 1 , wherein the gaps between the deflector and the inner wall and between the deflector and the core molten material retention apparatus are in range of 0.1 m to 2 m.
10. The apparatus for retention of molten material outside a Generation IV reactor after a nuclear power plant accident according to claim 1 , wherein an area of the coolant inlet of the deflector is in range of 0.1 m 2 to 1 m 2 .