Evaporative heat transfer system
Evaporative heat transfer system. The system includes a substrate and a plurality of substantially parallel, spaced-apart ridges extending from the substrate forming vertical liquid manifolds therebetween. A nanoporous membrane is supported on the ridges and a pump delivers a dielectric fluid across the ridges. The fluid is drawn through the liquid manifolds via capillarity provided by the nanoporous membrane and evaporates to dissipate heat flux through the substrate. A preferred dielectric fluid is pentane. It is preferred that membrane porosity vary across the membrane to tailor thermal resistances to limit temperature rises.
1. Evaporative heat transfer system comprising:
a substrate;
a plurality of parallel, spaced-apart ridges extending from the substrate forming vertical liquid manifolds therebetween;
a nanoporous membrane wetted by a dielectric fluid with approximately a zero contact angle and having a thickness of approximately 300 nm supported on the ridges, the nanoporous membrane including pores having a pore size of approximately 40 nm to provide high capillary pressures; and
a pump for delivering the dielectric fluid across the ridges, whereby the fluid is drawn through the vertical liquid manifolds via capillarity provided by the nanoporous membrane and evaporates to dissipate heat flux through the substrate.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the dielectric fluid is pentane.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein pore size in the nanoporous membrane is selected to provide high capillary pressures.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein membrane porosity varies across the membrane to tailor thermal resistances to limit temperature rises.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein the system is configured to dissipate greater than 1 kW/cm 2 on a 1 cm 2 area having a 200 by 200 μm hotspot dissipating greater than 5 kW/cm 2.
6. The system of claim 1 further including a condenser to capture vapor and recirculate liquid to the pump.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein the substrate is SiC.