Hydrogen furnace system and method
Apparatus and operating methods are provided for controlled atmosphere furnace systems. In one possible embodiment, hydrogen is injected from a hydrogen source to an enclosure. The hydrogen is circulated within the enclosure from a gas inlet to a gas outlet. A temperature is raised within the enclosure to a predetermined threshold. Hydrogen is pumped from the gas outlet to the gas inlet with an electrochemical hydrogen pump. The electrochemical hydrogen pump has a first electrode in fluid communication with the gas outlet, and a second electrode in fluid communication with the gas inlet. An electrical potential is provided between the first and second electrodes, wherein the first electrode has a higher electrical potential with respect to zero than the second electrode. Various methods, features and system configurations are discussed.
1. A method of operating an integrated controlled atmosphere furnace system comprising:
providing a controlled atmosphere furnace to condition a material or an article of manufacture by heating in the presence of hydrogen, the controlled atmosphere furnace has a furnace gas inlet and a furnace gas outlet, said furnace having a conveyor therethrough;
injecting hydrogen from a hydrogen source to the controlled atmosphere furnace through the furnace gas inlet;
circulating hydrogen within the controlled atmosphere furnace from the furnace gas inlet to the furnace gas outlet;
pumping hydrogen from the furnace gas outlet to the furnace gas inlet with an electrochemical hydrogen pump, the hydrogen entering into the furnace gas inlet from the electrochemical hydrogen pump consists of hydrogen, the electrochemical hydrogen pump being outside the controlled atmosphere furnace, the electrochemical hydrogen pump has a first electrode in fluid communication with the furnace gas outlet and has a second electrode in fluid communication with the furnace gas inlet; and providing an electrical potential between the first and second electrodes, the first electrode has a higher electrical potential with respect to zero than the second electrode.
2. A method of operating an integrated controlled atmosphere furnace system comprising:
providing a controlled atmosphere furnace to condition a material or an article of manufacture by heating in the presence of hydrogen, the controlled atmosphere furnace has a furnace gas inlet and a furnace gas outlet, said furnace being sealed during use;
injecting hydrogen from a hydrogen source to the controlled atmosphere furnace through the furnace gas inlet;
circulating hydrogen within the controlled atmosphere furnace from the furnace gas inlet to the furnace gas outlet;
pumping hydrogen from the furnace gas outlet to the furnace gas inlet with an electrochemical hydrogen pump, the hydrogen entering into the furnace gas inlet from the electrochemical hydrogen pump consists of hydrogen, the electrochemical hydrogen pump being outside the controlled atmosphere furnace, the electrochemical hydrogen pump has a first electrode in fluid communication with the furnace gas outlet and has a second electrode in fluid communication with the furnace gas inlet; and providing an electrical potential between the first and second electrodes, the first electrode has a higher electrical potential with respect to zero than the second electrode.
3. A method of operating an integrated controlled atmosphere furnace system comprising:
providing a controlled atmosphere furnace to condition a material or an article of manufacture by heating in the presence of hydrogen, the controlled atmosphere furnace has a furnace gas inlet and a furnace gas outlet;
injecting hydrogen from a hydrogen source to the controlled atmosphere furnace through the furnace gas inlet;
circulating hydrogen within the controlled atmosphere furnace from the furnace gas inlet to the furnace gas outlet;
pumping hydrogen from the furnace gas outlet to the furnace gas inlet with an electrochemical hydrogen pump, the hydrogen entering into the furnace gas inlet from the electrochemical hydrogen pump consists of hydrogen, the electrochemical hydrogen pump being outside the controlled atmosphere furnace, the electrochemical hydrogen pump has a first electrode in fluid communication with the furnace gas outlet and has a second electrode in fluid communication with the furnace gas inlet; and providing an electrical potential between the first and second electrodes, the first electrode has a higher electrical potential with respect to zero than the second electrode, the electrochemical pump including a proton exchange membrane.
4. The method according to claim 3 wherein the proton exchange membrane being made of a material selected from selected from the group consisting of: polybenzimidazole, perfluorosulfonic acid, PEEK, and solid state proton conducting material.
5. The method according to claim 4 wherein the solid state proton conducting material being calcium hydrogen phosphate.
6. A method of operating an integrated controlled atmosphere furnace system comprising:
providing a controlled atmosphere furnace to condition a material or an article of manufacture by heating in the presence of hydrogen, the controlled atmosphere furnace has a furnace gas inlet and a furnace gas outlet;
injecting hydrogen from a hydrogen source to the controlled atmosphere furnace through the furnace gas inlet;
circulating hydrogen within the controlled atmosphere furnace from the furnace gas inlet to the furnace gas outlet;
pumping hydrogen from the furnace gas outlet to the furnace gas inlet with an electrochemical hydrogen pump, the hydrogen entering into the furnace gas inlet from the electrochemical hydrogen pump consists of hydrogen, the electrochemical hydrogen pump being outside the controlled atmosphere furnace, the electrochemical hydrogen pump has a first electrode in fluid communication with the furnace gas outlet and has a second electrode in fluid communication with the furnace gas inlet; and providing an electrical potential between the first and second electrodes, the first electrode has a higher electrical potential with respect to zero than the second electrode; and
controlling hydrogen content within the controlled atmosphere furnace via a controller connected to a network of sensors.
7. A method of operating an integrated controlled atmosphere furnace system comprising:
providing a controlled atmosphere furnace to condition a material or an article of manufacture by heating in the presence of hydrogen, the controlled atmosphere furnace has a furnace gas inlet and a furnace gas outlet;
injecting hydrogen from a hydrogen source to the controlled atmosphere furnace through the furnace gas inlet;
circulating hydrogen within the controlled atmosphere furnace from the furnace gas inlet to the furnace gas outlet;
pumping hydrogen from the furnace gas outlet to the furnace gas inlet with an electrochemical hydrogen pump, the hydrogen entering into the furnace gas inlet from the electrochemical hydrogen pump consists of hydrogen, the electrochemical hydrogen pump being outside the controlled atmosphere furnace, the electrochemical hydrogen pump has a first electrode in fluid communication with the furnace gas outlet and has a second electrode in fluid communication with the furnace gas inlet; and providing an electrical potential between the first and second electrodes, the first electrode has a higher electrical potential with respect to zero than the second electrode; and
filtering hydrogen with a filter located between the electrochemical pump and the furnace gas inlet.
8. The method according to claim 7 wherein the filter being a membrane filter.
9. The method according to claim 8 wherein the membrane filter being made of a material selected from the group consisting of palladium, polymer or ceramic.