High electron mobility transistor (HEMT) having an indium-containing layer and method of manufacturing the same

1. A high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) comprising:

a substrate;

a channel layer over the substrate;

an active layer over the channel layer, wherein the active layer has a band gap discontinuity with the channel layer, and at least one of the channel layer or the active layer comprises indium;

a top layer over the active layer;

a metal layer over and extending into the top layer, wherein the top layer separates the metal layer from the active layer;

a gate electrode over the top layer;

a semiconductor layer between the gate electrode and the top layer, wherein a sidewall of the semiconductor layer is separated from a sidewall of the metal layer; and

a source and a drain on opposite sides of the gate electrode, wherein the top layer extends continuously from below the source, below the gate electrode, and to below the drain.

2. The HEMT of claim 1 , wherein the channel layer comprises an In x Ga (1-x) N material.

3. The HEMT of claim 2 , wherein x ranges from about 0.05 to about 0.15.

4. The HEMT of claim 1 , wherein the active layer comprises an Al y In (1-y) N material.

5. The HEMT of claim 4 , wherein y ranges from about 0.80 to about 0.90.

6. The HEMT of claim 1 , further comprising a two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG) in the channel layer, wherein a charge carrier concentration in the 2-DEG is greater than about 1E13 cm −2 .

7. The HEMT of claim 1 , wherein the active layer comprise a B w In (1-w) N material.

8. The HEMT of claim 7 , wherein w ranges from about 0.70 to about 0.95.

9. A high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) comprising:

a substrate;

a seed layer over the substrate;

a buffer layer over the seed layer;

a channel layer over the buffer layer;

a two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG) in the channel layer, wherein a charge carrier concentration in the 2-DEG is greater than about 1E13 cm −2 ;

an active layer over the channel layer, wherein a thickness of the active layer ranges from 1 nanometer (nm) to 3 nm;

a top layer over the active layer, wherein at least one of the channel layer or the active layer comprises indium;

a gate electrode embedded in and surrounded by the top layer and the active layer;

a conformal dielectric layer over the top layer and directly contacting both a bottom of the gate electrode and a top surface of the channel layer; and

a metal layer over the top layer, wherein a doped region of the top layer separates the metal layer from the active layer, and a dimension of the doped region in a first direction is less than a dimension of the top layer in the first direction.

10. The HEMT of claim 9 , wherein the channel layer comprises an In x Ga (1-x) N material, and the active layer comprises an Al y In (1-y) N material.

11. The HEMT of claim 10 , wherein x ranges from about 0.05 to about 0.15.

12. The HEMT of claim 10 , wherein y ranges from about 0.80 to about 0.90.

13. The HEMT of claim 9 , wherein the channel layer comprises an In x Ga (1-x) N material, and the active layer comprises a B w In (1-w) N material.

14. The HEMT of claim 13 , wherein x ranges from about 0.05 to about 0.15.

15. The HEMT of claim 13 , wherein w ranges from about 0.70 to about 0.95.

16. The HEMT of claim 9 , wherein the buffer layer comprises gallium nitride (GaN).

17. The HEMT of claim 9 , wherein the top layer comprises an Al b Ga (1-b) N material, wherein b ranges from 0.10 to 0.30.

18. The HEMT of claim 9 , wherein a thickness of the channel layer ranges from about 5 nanometers (nm) to about 15 nm.

19. The HEMT of claim 9 , wherein each dielectric layer of a plurality of dielectric layers directly contacts the metal layer.