Modulation of pre-mRNA using splice modulating oligonucleotides as therapeutic agents in the treatment of disease
The present invention encompasses a class of compounds known as splice modulating oligonucleotides (SMOs) that modulate pre-mRNA splicing, thereby affecting expression and functionality of a specific protein in a cell. The present invention further provides compositions and methods for modulating pre-mRNA splicing using a SMO of the invention to abrogate disease-causing mutations in a protein. Accordingly, the present invention provides compositions and methods of treating a subject at risk of, susceptible to, or having a disease, disorder, or condition associated with aberrant or unwanted target pre-mRNA expression or activity.
1. A method of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering a composition comprising a splice modulating oligonucleotide (SMO) that specifically binds a complementary sequence of a pre-mRNA that undergoes splicing to form a mRNA encoding a glutamate activated α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit (GluR), wherein said SMO decreases expression of the flip isoform of said GluR.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said administration decreases hyperexcitability or excitotoxicity, increases AMPA channel desensitization, decreases glutamate sensitivity of AMPA channels, or decreases calcium ion conductance through AMPA channels.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the SMO in the composition specifically binds to a complementary sequence on a pre-mRNA in at least one of the group consisting of an intron-exon splice site, an exonic splice enhancer (ESE) site, and an intronic splice enhancer (ISE) site, thereby excluding a selected exon from the mRNA encoding the GluR, and altering expression of a GluR or one or more isoforms thereof.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one nucleotide in said SMO contains a non-naturally occurring modification comprising at least one of a chemical composition of phosphorothioate 2′-O-methyl, phosphorothioate 2′-MOE, locked nucleic acid (LNA), peptide nucleic acid (PNA), phosphorodiamidate morpholino, or any combination thereof.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said SMO is selected from any of SEQ ID NOs: 57-526, or a sequence having at least 90% identity over the full sequence of any of SEQ ID NOs: 57-526.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said SMO is selected from any of SEQ ID NOs: 86, 123, 143, 228, 243, 269, 306, 318, 442, or 496, or a sequence having at least 90% identity over the full sequence of any of SEQ ID NOs: 86, 123, 143, 228, 243, 269, 306, 318, 442, or 496.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein said SMO is a sequence having at least 95% identity over the full sequence of any of SEQ ID NOs: 86, 123, 143, 228, 243, 269, 306, 318, 442, or 496.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein said SMO is selected from any of SEQ ID NOs: 86, 123, 143, 228, 243, 269, 306, 318, 442, or 496.
10. A method of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering a composition comprising a splice modulating oligonucleotide (SMO) that specifically binds a complementary sequence of a pre-mRNA that undergoes splicing to form a mRNA encoding a glutamate activated α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit (GluR), wherein said SMO decreases expression of the flip isoform of said GluR, wherein said SMO is a sequence having at least 90% identity over the full sequence of any of SEQ ID NOs: 86, 123, or 143.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein said SMO is a sequence having at least 95% identity over the full sequence of any of SEQ ID NOs: 86, 123, or 143.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein said SMO is selected from any of SEQ ID NOs: 86, 123, or 143.
13. The method according to claim 11 , wherein said SMO is SEQ ID NO: 86.
14. The method according to claim 11 , wherein said SMO is SEQ ID NO: 123.
15. The method according to claim 11 , wherein said SMO is SEQ ID NO: 143.
16. The method according to claim 10 , wherein said composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
17. A method of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering a composition comprising a splice modulating oligonucleotide (SMO) that specifically binds a complementary sequence of a pre-mRNA that undergoes splicing to form a mRNA encoding a glutamate activated α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit (GluR), wherein said SMO decreases expression of the flip isoform of said GluR, wherein said SMO is a sequence having at least 90% identity over the full sequence of SEQ ID NO: 228.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein said SMO is a sequence having at least 95% identity over the full sequence of SEQ ID NO: 228.
19. The method according to claim 18 , wherein said SMO is SEQ ID NO: 228.
20. The method according to claim 17 , wherein said composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.