Nano-cellulose coatings to prevent damage in foodstuffs
Disclosed herein are embodiments of a composition for use in forming films or coatings that prevent damage in foodstuffs, including plants, fruits, and vegetables. The disclosed compositions comprise a cellulose nanomaterial and can further comprise a nanoscale mineral compound and one or more additional components. Also disclosed are films or coatings made using the disclosed compositions, as well as methods for making the disclosed compositions and methods for using the disclosed compositions.
1. A composition, comprising:
0.188% to 2% of a cellulose nanomaterial; and
0.01% to 0.1% of a nanoscale mineral compound;
wherein a portion of the cellulose nanomaterial comprises cellulose microfibrils, cellulose microcrystals, or a combination thereof.
2. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a phenolic compound, a crosslinking agent, an acid, a metal ion, or combinations thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cellulose nanomaterial comprises cellulose nanofibrils, cellulose nanocrystals, or a combination thereof.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanoscale mineral compound is nano-calcium carbonate.
5. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a film-forming material, a plasticizer, an antimicrobial agent, an antioxidant agent, or combinations thereof.
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the film-forming material is chitosan, a protein, fruit or vegetable puree, or combinations thereof.
7. A composition comprising 0.188% to 2% of a cellulose nanomaterial and 0.01% to 0.1% of a nanoscale mineral compound, wherein the composition is edible.
8. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a crosslinking agent and wherein the composition is formulated for preventing or mitigating pre- and/or post-harvest damage in a plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof.
9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the composition is formulated for preventing or mitigating leaching of anthocyanins, nutrients, pigments, or combinations thereof from the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof.
10. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the composition is formulated for preventing or mitigating weight loss and UV damage of the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof.
11. A plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof, comprising a film formed from a composition comprising 0.188% to 2% of a cellulose nanomaterial and 0.01% to 0.1% of a nanoscale mineral compound.
12. The plant, fruit, vegetable or part thereof of claim 11 , wherein the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof is substantially coated with the composition.
13. The plant, fruit, vegetable or part thereof of claim 11 , wherein the fruit is a blueberry, a cherry, or an apple.
14. The plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof of claim 11 , wherein the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof exhibits reduced anthocyanin leaching, moisture loss, gas exchange, or nutrients loss compared to a plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof that is not coated with the composition.
15. The plant, fruit, or vegetable of claim 11 , wherein plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof exhibits reduced weight loss after thawing compared to a plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof that is not coated with the composition.
16. A method of treating a plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof, comprising substantially coating the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof with a composition before or after the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof is harvested, wherein the composition comprises 0.188% to 2% of a cellulose nanomaterial and 0.01% to 0.1% of a nanoscale mineral compound.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof is substantially coated with the composition by spraying, dipping, enrobing, or combinations thereof.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the method further comprises processing the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof to prevent or mitigate leaching of anthocyanins, nutrients, pigments, or combinations thereof in the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein processing the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof comprises thermal processing at a temperature of at least 80° C.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the method further comprises washing the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof after processing to substantially remove the composition.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the method further comprises performing an additional thermal processing step after the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof is washed.
22. The method of claim 18 , wherein processing the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof comprises freezing the plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof substantially coated with the composition.
23. A method for processing a coated plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof, comprising thermally processing the coated plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof at a temperature of at least 80° C., which coated plant, fruit, vegetable, or part thereof is substantially coated with a composition comprising 0.188% to 2% of a cellulose nanomaterial and 0.01% to 0.1% of a nanoscale mineral compound.