Sintered nanocrystalline alloys
Provided in one embodiment is a method, comprising: sintering a plurality of nanocrystalline particulates to form a nanocrystalline alloy, wherein at least some of the nanocrystalline particulates may include a non-equilibrium phase comprising a first metal material and a second metal material, and the first metal material may be soluble in the second metal material. The sintered nanocrystalline alloy may comprise a bulk nanocrystalline alloy.
1. A sintered nanocrystalline alloy comprising W and Cr, wherein the W is present in an amount of at least about 60 at %, the Cr is present in an amount greater than or equal to 0.3 at %, the nanocrystalline alloy has a relative density of at least about 90%, and the nanocrystalline alloy comprises grains having a largest dimension smaller than about 1000 nm.
2. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the nanocrystalline alloy comprises the W and the Cr in a solid solution.
3. The alloy of claim 2 , wherein the nanocrystalline alloy further comprises Ti.
4. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the nanocrystalline alloy is substantially thermodynamically stable at a temperature that is greater than or equal to about 1,000° C.
5. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the nanocrystalline alloy has a relative density of at least about 98%.
6. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the nanocrystalline alloy further comprises at least one of Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Fe, Ti, V, and Sc.
7. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the nanocrystalline alloy has an average grain size of less than about 100 nm.
8. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount greater than or equal to 1 at %.
9. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount greater than or equal to 5 at %.
10. The alloy of claim 2 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount greater than or equal to 10 at %.
11. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount greater than or equal to 15 at %.
12. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount of 0.3 at % to 40 at %.
13. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount of 1 at % to 30 at %.
14. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the W is present in an amount of at least about 70 at %.
15. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the W is present in an amount of at least about 60 at % and less than or equal to about 95 at %.
16. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the W is present in an amount of at least about 70 at % and less than or equal to about 95 at %.
17. A bulk nanocrystalline alloy, comprising:
a first metal material that includes W; and
a second metal material that includes Cr,
wherein the bulk nanocrystalline alloy has an average grain size of less than about 100 nm, the W is present in an amount of at least about 60 at %, and the Cr is present in an amount greater than or equal to 0.3 at %.
18. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the bulk nanocrystalline alloy has a relative density of at least about 90%.
19. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 18 , wherein the bulk nanocrystalline alloy has a relative density of at least about 95%.
20. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 19 , wherein the bulk nanocrystalline alloy has a relative density of at least about 98%.
21. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the bulk nanocrystalline alloy is substantially thermodynamically stable at a temperature of about 1,000° C.
22. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the W and the Cr are in a solid solution.
23. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount greater than or equal to 1 at %.
24. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount greater than or equal to 5 at %.
25. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount greater than or equal to 10 at %.
26. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount greater than or equal to 15 at %.
27. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount of 0.3 at % to 40 at %.
28. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the Cr is present in an amount of 1 at % to 30 at %.
29. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the W is present in an amount of at least about 70 at %.
30. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the W is present in an amount of at least about 60 at % and less than or equal to about 95 at %.
31. The bulk nanocrystalline alloy of claim 17 , wherein the W is present in an amount of at least about 70 at % and less than or equal to about 95 at %.