Vibration damper for vacuum pumps
In a vibration damper of a turbomolecular vacuum pump, a vacuum tightness function and a vibration damping function are both performed by one ore more toroidal rings made of an elastic material. The elastic rings assume a resting configuration while the vacuum pump is not operating and the damper is at atmospheric pressure, and they assume a compressed configuration while the vacuum pump is operating and the damper is under vacuum conditions. In the compressed configuration, the elastic rings are deformed due to a compression force. This deformation of the elastic rings prevents metal-to-metal contact between the vacuum pump and a vacuum chamber to which the pump is connected through the damper.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
a vibration damper comprising an elastic material and being arranged between a vacuum pump and a vacuum chamber, said elastic material bridging a space between adjacent coupling components associated respectively with the vacuum pump and the vacuum chamber, wherein the vibration damper assumes a resting configuration in response to a compression force with a magnitude lower than a predetermined threshold, and assumes a compressed configuration in response to a compression force with a magnitude greater than the predetermined threshold, the resting configuration forming a connection between the vacuum pump and the vacuum chamber, and the compressed configuration forming a vacuum-tight connection between the vacuum pump and the vacuum chamber, and the compressed configuration having at least one gap preventing connection between the vacuum pump and the vacuum chamber except by the elastic material, the elastic material comprising a toroidal seal seated in a semi-toroidal seat of a flange comprising at least one of the adjacent coupling components.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the vibration damper comprises:
a first cylindrical hollow component arranged about an axis of symmetry and comprising a first end configured to be coupled to the vacuum pump, a second end located opposite the first end, a first toroidal semi-seat located at the second end, and a connecting component suitable for axially binding the first cylindrical hollow component to a second cylindrical hollow component;
the second cylindrical hollow component, arranged about the axis of symmetry at an axial distance from the first cylindrical hollow component and having a first end configured to be coupled to a vacuum chamber, a second end located opposite the first end, a second toroidal semi-seat, and a connecting component suitable for axially binding the second cylindrical hollow component to the first cylindrical hollow component;
a toroidal ring comprising the elastic material of the toroidal seal and arranged between the first cylindrical hollow component and the second cylindrical hollow component, wherein the toroidal ring assumes a resting configuration in response to a compression force directed along the axis of symmetry with a magnitude lower than a predetermined threshold, and assumes a compressed configuration in response to a compression force directed along the symmetry axis with a magnitude greater than the predetermined threshold, the resting configuration forming an axial connection between the first and the second cylindrical hollow components, and the compressed configuration forming a vacuum-tight axial connection between the first cylindrical hollow component and the second cylindrical hollow component and preventing contact between the connecting components of the first cylindrical hollow component and the second cylindrical hollow component.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the elastic toroidal ring is arranged between the first and second cylindrical hollow components such that the first toroidal semi-seat of the first cylindrical hollow component and the second toroidal semi-seat of the second cylindrical hollow component define a toroidal seat in which the toroidal ring is received and confined.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the connecting component of the first cylindrical hollow component comprises radial teeth substantially equally spaced along a surface of the first cylindrical hollow component, and the connecting component of the second cylindrical hollow component comprises radial teeth substantially equally spaced along a surface of the second cylindrical hollow component and suitable for engaging the radial teeth of the connecting component of the first cylindrical hollow component.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , further comprising a component for preventing accidental rotation of the first cylindrical hollow component with respect to the second cylindrical hollow component.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the vibration damper comprises:
a first cylindrical hollow component;
a second cylindrical hollow component; and
the apparatus further comprising at least one intermediate component and an additional toroidal ring made of an elastic material arranged between the first and the second cylindrical hollow components.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the at least one intermediate component comprises:
a first toroidal semi-seat oriented towards a first end of the intermediate component and configured to jointly contain a first toroidal ring comprising the elastic material of the toroidal seal with a semi-toroidal seat of another intermediate component or with a semi-toroidal seat of the first cylindrical hollow component; and
a second toroidal semi-seat oriented towards a second end of the intermediate component and configured to jointly contain a second toroidal ring with a semi-toroidal seat of another intermediate component or with a semi-toroidal seat of the second cylindrical hollow component.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the first cylindrical hollow component comprises a first connecting component configured for connection to the at least one intermediate component and comprising radial teeth substantially equally spaced along a surface of the first cylindrical hollow component;
wherein the second cylindrical hollow component comprises a second connecting component configured for connection to the at least one intermediate component and comprising radial teeth substantially equally spaced along a surface of the second cylindrical hollow component; and
wherein the at least one intermediate component comprises, at a first end, a first connecting component comprising radial teeth substantially equally spaced along a surface of the at least one intermediate component and suitable for engaging radial teeth of the first cylindrical hollow component or of another intermediate component, and further comprises, at a second end, a second connecting component comprising radial teeth substantially equally spaced along a surface of the at least one intermediate component and suitable for engaging radial teeth of the second cylindrical hollow component or of another intermediate component.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 , further comprising a component for preventing accidental relative rotation between the first cylindrical hollow component, the second cylindrical hollow component, and the at least one intermediate component.
10. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first cylindrical hollow component comprises a flange for connection to the vacuum pump.
11. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first cylindrical hollow component is integral with the vacuum pump.
12. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the second cylindrical hollow component comprises a flange for connection to the vacuum chamber.
13. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the second cylindrical hollow component is integral with the vacuum chamber.
14. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first and second toroidal semi-seats of the first and second cylindrical hollow components each have a substantially semi-circular profile.
15. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first and second toroidal semi-seats of the first and second cylindrical hollow components each have a substantially “L”-shaped profile.
16. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the compression force directed along the axis of symmetry has a magnitude greater than the predetermined threshold while the damper is under vacuum conditions.