Transformer filter arrangement
A transformer filter arrangement ( 30 ) for passing signals at a fundamental frequency and suppressing signals at one or more interfering frequencies is disclosed. It comprises a transformer ( 100 ) having a first winding ( 110 ) and a second winding ( 120 ), wherein the first winding ( 110 ) has a first end ( 112 a ) and a second end ( 122 b ) and the second winding ( 120 ) has a first end ( 122 a ) and a second end ( 122 b ). It further comprises one or more capacitors ( 130 a - e ). For each capacitor ( 130 a - c ) of a first set of at least one capacitor of the one or more capacitors ( 130 a - e ), the capacitor ( 130 a - c ) is connected between a pair of taps (a1, a2; b1, b2; c1, c2) of the first winding ( 110 ), wherein each tap (a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2) of the pair of taps (a1, a2; b1, b2; c1, c2) is located between the first end ( 112 a ) and the second end ( 112 b ) of the first winding ( 110 ), and the capacitor ( 130 a - c ), together with an inductive sub segment ( 140 a - c ) of the first winding ( 110 ), which is connected in parallel with the capacitor ( 130 a - c ) between the pair of taps (a1, a2; b1, b2; c1, c2), forms a parallel LC circuit which is tuned to resonate at one of said interfering frequencies for suppressing signals at said one of the interfering frequencies. A corresponding integrated circuit, a corresponding radio receiver circuit, a corresponding radio transmitter circuit, and a corresponding radio communication apparatus are also disclosed.
1. A transformer filter arrangement for passing signals at a fundamental frequency and suppressing signals at one or more interfering frequencies, for use in a receiver circuit or a transmitter circuit, the transformer filter arrangement comprising:
a transformer having a first winding and a second winding formed by conducting and isolating layers of a chip or printed circuit board, wherein the first winding has a first end and a second end and the second winding has a first end and a second end, wherein the transformer filter arrangement is a balun arrangement and the transformer is a balun transformer; and
one or more capacitors,
wherein at least one capacitor of the one or more capacitors is connected between a pair of taps of the first winding, wherein each tap of the pair of taps is located between the first end and the second end of the first winding, and
wherein the at least one capacitor of the one or more capacitors is connected in parallel with an inductive sub segment of the first winding, to form a parallel LC circuit that is tuned to resonate at one of said interfering frequencies, for suppressing signals at said one of the interfering frequencies.
2. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one capacitor of the one or more capacitors comprises one or more symmetrically-connected sets of at least one capacitor, wherein, for each such symmetrically-connected set:
all capacitors of the symmetrically-connected have the same capacitance; and
each single capacitor of the symmetrically-connected set is symmetrically connected to the first winding with respect to a center of the first winding or each pair of one or more pairings of capacitors in the symmetrically-connected set is symmetrically connected to the first winding with respect to the center of the first winding.
3. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein said one or more interfering frequencies include one or more harmonics of the fundamental frequency.
4. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 3 , wherein the one or more harmonics of the fundamental frequency include one or more odd order harmonics.
5. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 4 , wherein the one or more odd order harmonics include a third harmonic.
6. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 3 , wherein the transformer filter arrangement has a notch-filter characteristic with notches at the one or more harmonics of the fundamental frequency.
7. A radio communication apparatus comprising the transformer filter arrangement according to claim 1 .
8. The radio communication apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the radio communication apparatus is one of a wireless data modem, a mobile telephone, and a radio base station.
9. A transformer filter arrangement for passing signals at a fundamental frequency and suppressing signals at one or more interfering frequencies, for use in a receiver circuit or a transmitter circuit, the transformer filter arrangement comprising:
a transformer having a first winding and a second winding formed by conducting and isolating layers of a chip or printed circuit board, wherein the first winding has a first end and a second end and the second winding has a first end and a second end;
one or more filtering circuits connected to one or more ends of at least one of the first winding and the second winding; and
one or more capacitors,
wherein at least one capacitor of the one or more capacitors is connected between a pair of taps of the first winding, wherein each tap of the pair of taps is located between the first end and the second end of the first winding, and
wherein the at least one capacitor of the one or more capacitors is connected in parallel with an inductive sub segment of the first winding, to form a parallel LC circuit that is tuned to resonate at one of said interfering frequencies, for suppressing signals at said one of the interfering frequencies.
10. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 9 , wherein the at least one capacitor of the one or more capacitors comprises one or more symmetrically-connected sets of at least one capacitor, wherein, for each such symmetrically-connected set:
all capacitors of the symmetrically-connected set have the same capacitance; and
each single capacitor of the symmetrically-connected set is symmetrically connected to the first winding with respect to a center of the first winding or each pair of one or more pairings of capacitors in the symmetrically-connected set is symmetrically connected to the first winding with respect to the center of the first winding.
11. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 9 , wherein said one or more interfering frequencies include one or more harmonics of the fundamental frequency.
12. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 11 , wherein the one or more harmonics of the fundamental frequency include one or more odd order harmonics.
13. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 12 , wherein the one or more odd order harmonics include a third harmonic.
14. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 11 , wherein the transformer filter arrangement has a notch-filter characteristic with notches at the one or more harmonics of the fundamental frequency.
15. A radio communication apparatus comprising the transformer filter arrangement according to claim 9 .
16. The radio communication apparatus according to claim 15 , wherein the radio communication apparatus is one of a wireless data modem, a mobile telephone, and a radio base station.
17. A transformer filter arrangement for passing signals at a fundamental frequency and suppressing signals at one or more interfering frequencies, for use in a receiver circuit or a transmitter circuit, the transformer filter arrangement comprising:
a transformer having a first winding and a second winding formed by conducting and isolating layers of a chip or printed circuit board, wherein the first winding has a first end and a second end and the second winding has a first end and a second end; and
one or more capacitors, wherein the one or more capacitors comprises at least one of:
a capacitor symmetrically connected to the first winding with respect to a center of the first winding; and
a pair of capacitors connected to the first winding at respective positions that are symmetrical with respect to the center of the first winding,
wherein at least one capacitor of the one or more capacitors is connected between a pair of taps of the first winding, wherein each tap of the pair of taps is located between the first end and the second end of the first winding; and
wherein the at least one capacitor of the one or more capacitors is connected in parallel with an inductive sub segment of the first winding, to form a parallel LC circuit that is tuned to resonate at one of said interfering frequencies, for suppressing signals at said one of the interfering frequencies.
18. A radio communication apparatus comprising the transformer filter arrangement according to claim 17 .
19. The radio communication apparatus according to claim 18 , wherein the radio communication apparatus is one of a wireless data modem, a mobile telephone, and a radio base station.
20. A transformer filter arrangement for passing signals at a fundamental frequency and suppressing signals at one or more interfering frequencies, for use in a receiver circuit or a transmitter circuit, the transformer filter arrangement comprising:
a transformer having a first winding and a second winding formed by conducting and isolating layers of a chip or printed circuit board, wherein the first winding has a first end and a second end and the second winding has a first end and a second end; and
a first set of a plurality of capacitors,
wherein each capacitor of the first set of the plurality of capacitors is connected between a pair of taps of the first winding, wherein each tap of the pair of taps is located between the first end and the second end of the first winding, and
wherein each capacitor of the first set of the plurality of capacitors is connected in parallel with an inductive sub segment of the first winding, to form a parallel LC circuit that is tuned to resonate at one of said interfering frequencies, for suppressing signals at said one of the interfering frequencies.
21. A radio communication apparatus comprising the transformer filter arrangement according to claim 20 .
22. The radio communication apparatus according to claim 21 , wherein the radio communication apparatus is one of a wireless data modem, a mobile telephone, and a radio base station.
23. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 20 , further comprising a second set of at least one capacitor:
wherein each capacitor of the second set of the at least one capacitor is connected between a pair of taps of the second winding, wherein each tap of the pair of taps is located between the first end and the second end of the second winding,
wherein each capacitor is connected in parallel with an inductive sub segment of the second winding, to form a parallel LC circuit that is tuned to resonate at another one of said interfering frequencies, for suppressing signals at said other one of the interfering frequencies, and
wherein the first set of the plurality of capacitors and the second set of the at least one capacitor are disjoint.
24. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 23 , wherein the second set of the at least one capacitor comprises one or more symmetrically-connected sets of at least one capacitor, wherein, for each such symmetrically-connected set:
all capacitors of the symmetrically-connected set have the same capacitance; and
each single capacitor of the symmetrically-connected set is symmetrically connected to the second winding with respect to a center of the second winding or each pair of one or more pairings of capacitors in the symmetrically-connected set is symmetrically connected to the second winding with respect to the center of the first winding.
25. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 20 , wherein the first set of a plurality of capacitors comprises one or more symmetrically-connected sets of at least one capacitor, wherein, for each such symmetrically-connected set:
all capacitors of the symmetrically-connected set have the same capacitance; and
each single capacitor of the symmetrically-connected set is symmetrically connected to the first winding with respect to a center of the first winding or each pair of one or more pairings of capacitors in the symmetrically-connected set is symmetrically connected to the first winding with respect to the center of the first winding.
26. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 20 , wherein said one or more interfering frequencies include one or more harmonics of the fundamental frequency.
27. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 26 , wherein the one or more harmonics of the fundamental frequency include one or more odd order harmonics.
28. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 27 , wherein the one or more odd order harmonics include a third harmonic.
29. The transformer filter arrangement according to claim 26 , wherein the transformer filter arrangement has a notch-filter characteristic with notches at the one or more harmonics of the fundamental frequency.