Ternesite used as an activator for latent-hydraulic and pozzolanic materials
The present invention relates to binders based on latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic materials that are activated by an addition of ternesite (C 5 S 2 $).
1. A hydraulic binder comprising at least one latently hydraulic material and/or at least one pozzolanic material, wherein ternesite is included as an activator.
2. The binder according to claim 1 , wherein relative to the total binder, 5 to 95% by weight of ternesite and 95 to 5% by weight of latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic material is included, wherein portions of these in combination with those of remaining binder components add up to 100%.
3. The binder according to claim 1 , wherein at least one latently hydraulic material selected from the group consisting of ground granulated blast furnace slag, lime-rich fly ash, latently hydraulic trass, latently hydraulic grog, latently hydraulic tempered clay, latently hydraulic artificial glasses and mixtures thereof is included.
4. The binder according to claim 1 , wherein at least one pozzolanic material selected from the group consisting of pozzolanic trass, pozzolanic grog, lime-poor fly ash, shale, pozzolanic artificial glass and mixtures thereof is included.
5. The binder according to claim 1 , wherein a hydraulic material selected from the group consisting of Portland cement, ground Portland cement clinker, calcium aluminate cement, geopolymer cement, calcium sulfoaluminate cement and mixtures thereof is included.
6. The binder according to claim 5 , wherein 1 to 70% by weight of hydraulic material, 5 to 90% by weight of ternesite and 9 to 94% by weight of latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic material is included, wherein portions of these in combination with those of remaining binder components add up to 100%.
7. The binder according to claim 1 , wherein admixtures and/or additives are included.
8. The binder according to claim 7 , wherein the binder contains, as additives, non-hydraulically reactive materials in a range of 1 to 30% by weight.
9. The binder according to claim 7 , wherein the binder contains, as admixture, one or more setting and/or hardening accelerators, in a quantity in the range of 0.01 to 15% by weight.
10. The binder according to claim 1 , wherein the binder contains, as admixture, lithium salts and lithium hydroxides and/or other alkali salts and alkali hydroxides and alkali silicates.
11. The binder according to claim 1 , wherein a ternesite clinker is used as ternesite that is obtained by sintering a raw meal mixture containing at least sources for CaO, SiO 2 and SO 3 at 900 to 1300° C. and contains the following components relative to the total quantity of ternesite clinker:
C 5 S 2 $ 10 to 100% by weight,
(α, β) C 2 S 0 to 90% by weight,
C 4 (A x F (1-x) ) 3 $ 0 to 30% by weight,
C 2 (A y F (1-y) ) 0 to 30% by weight,
reactive aluminates 0 to 20% by weight,
periclase (M) 0 to 25% by weight,
secondary phases 0 to 30% by weight,
wherein the portions add up to 100%.
12. The binder according to claim 2 , wherein relative to the total binder, 15 to 70% by weight of ternesite and 30 to 85% by weight of latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic material is included, wherein portions of these in combination with those of remaining binder components add up to 100%.
13. The binder according to claim 12 , wherein relative to the total binder, 20 to 60% by weight of ternesite and 40 to 80% by weight of latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic material is included, wherein portions of these in combination with those of remaining binder components add up to 100%.
14. The binder according to claim 8 , wherein the non-hydraulically reactive material is selected from the group consisting of ground limestone/dolomite, precipitated CaCO 3 , Ca(OH) 2 , Mg(OH) 2 , silica fume and glass powder, contained in a range of 5 to 20% by weight.
15. The binder according to claim 9 , wherein the one or more setting and/or hardening accelerators are selected from the group consisting of components having available aluminum, which release aluminum upon contact with water, reactive and amorphous aluminum hydroxide, contained in a quantity in the range of 0.5 to 8% by weight.
16. The binder according to claim 15 , wherein the component having available aluminum is selected from the group consisting of soluble alkali-/alkaline earth aluminates and aluminum salts.
17. The binder according to claim 16 , wherein the component having available aluminum is selected from the group consisting of Na 2 Al 2 O 4 , K 2 Al 2 O 4 , aluminum nitrate, aluminum acetate, aluminum chloride, aluminum formiate, and aluminum sulphate.
18. The binder according to claim 10 , wherein the admixture is selected from the group consisting of alkali salts, alkali silicates and alkali hydroxides, which increase a pH value of a solution and a reactivity of the C 5 S 2 $.
19. The binder according to claim 11 , wherein the ternesite clinker contains the following components relative to the total quantity of ternesite clinker:
C 5 S 2 $ 40 to 90% by weight
(α, β) C 2 S 10 to 60% by weight
C 4 (A x F (1-x) ) 3 $ 5 to 20% by weight
C 2 (A y F (1-y) ) 8 to 15% by weight
reactive aluminates 3 to 10% by weight
periclase (M) 2 to 10% by weight
secondary phases 5 to 10% by weight,
wherein the portions add up to 100%.
20. The binder according to claim 19 , wherein, relative to the total binder, 20 to 60% by weight of ternesite is added.
21. A method of producing concrete, mortar or plaster, comprising:
combining the binder according to claim 1 with mineral aggregates to produce concrete, mortar or plaster, wherein a water/binder value of 0.2 to 2 is set.
22. A method for immobilizing pollutants or producing as a sealing wall mass, comprising:
adding to the binder according to claim 1 adsorptive additions selected from the group consisting of zeolites and ion-exchange resins.
23. A method for activating latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic material in hydraulic binders, comprising:
adding ternesite as an activator to the latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic material.
24. The method according to claim 23 , wherein, relative to the total binder, 5 to 95% by weight of ternesite is added.
25. The method according to claim 24 , wherein, relative to the total binder, 15 to 70% by weight of ternesite is added.
26. The method according to claim 24 , wherein at least one alkali- and/or alkaline-earth hydroxide is added as additional activator.
27. The method according to claim 24 , wherein 1 to 70% by weight of hydraulic material, 5 to 90% by weight of ternesite and 9 to 94% by weight of latently hydraulic and/or pozzolanic material is included, wherein portions of these in combination with those of remaining binder components add up to 100%.