Graphene oxide polymer with nonlinear resistivity
The invention relates generally to field grading materials and, more particularly, to field grading materials including graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, or both, exhibiting non-linear resistivity. In one embodiment, the invention provides a composite material comprising: a polymer material; and reduced graphene oxide distributed within the polymer material.
1. A method of reducing electric field stress at a joint or termination of an electric cable, the method comprising:
applying to the joint or termination a field grading material, the field grading material comprising reduced graphene oxide, distributed within a polymer material.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the field grading material exhibits non-linear resistivity.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the field grading material includes thermally-reduced graphene oxide reduced at a temperature between about 70° C. and about 160° C.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer material includes at least one polymer material selected from a group consisting of: natural rubbers, silicone, poly(dimethyl siloxane), ethylene propylene diene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, epoxy, polyester, polyesterimide, and polyamidimide.
5. A method of preparing a graphene oxide polymer material, the method comprising:
thermally reducing a quantity of graphene oxide by increasing an ambient temperature of an atmosphere containing the quantity of graphene oxide to between about 70° C. and about 160° C.;
admixing the thermally-reduced quantity of graphene oxide with at least one polymer material; and
curing the admixture.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the thermally-reduced graphene oxide is admixed with the at least one polymer material at a concentration between about 2 parts and about 5 parts per hundred parts of the at least one polymer material.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the at least one polymer material is selected from a group consisting of: natural rubbers, silicone, such as poly(dimethyl siloxane), EPDM rubber (ethylene propylene diene rubber), EPR (ethylene propylene rubber), epoxy, polyester, polyesterimide, and PAI (polyamidimide).
8. A graphene oxide polymer material prepared according to the method of claim 5 .
9. A field grading material exhibiting non-linear resistivity comprising a quantity of reduced graphene oxide distributed within at least one polymer material.
10. The field grading material of claim 9 , wherein the at least one polymer material is selected from a group consisting of: natural rubbers, silicone, poly(dimethyl siloxane), ethylene propylene diene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, epoxy, polyester, polyesterimide, and polyamidmide.
11. The field grading material of claim 9 , wherein the reduced graphene oxide has a concentration greater than about 2 parts per hundred parts of polymer.
12. The field grading material of claim 11 , wherein the reduced graphene oxide has a concentration between about 3 parts and about 5 parts per hundred parts of polymer.