Nanocomposite anode materials for sodium-ion batteries
View Patent ↗The disclosure relates to an anode material for a sodium-ion battery having the general formula AO x —C or AC x —C, where A is aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), silicon (Si), or any combinations thereof. The anode material also contains an electrochemically active nanoparticles within the matrix. The nanoparticle may react with sodium ion (Na + ) when placed in the anode of a sodium-ion battery. In more specific embodiments, the anode material may have the general formula M y Sb-M′O x —C, Sb-MO x —C, M y Sn-M′C x —C, or Sn-MC x —C. The disclosure also relates to rechargeable sodium-ion batteries containing these materials and methods of making these materials.
1. A rechargeable sodium-ion battery comprising an anode material comprising:
a matrix having the general formula AO x —C, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), silicon (Si), and any combinations thereof; and
an electrochemically active nanoparticle, wherein the matrix contains the nanoparticle and wherein the nanoparticle may react with sodium ion (Na + ) during cycling of the rechargeable sodium-ion battery.
2. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the anode material has the general formula
M y Sb-M′O x —C, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe) copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), tin (Sn), and any combinations thereof, and M′ is selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), and any combinations thereof.
3. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the anode material has the general formula Cu 2 Sb—Al 2 O 3 —C.
4. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the anode material has the general formula FeSb 2 —Al 2 O 3 —C.
5. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the anode material has the general formula NiSb—Al 2 O 3 —C.
6. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the anode material has the general formula Sb-MO x —C, where M is selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), niobium (Nb), or tantalum (Ta), and any combinations thereof.
7. The battery of claim 6 , wherein the anode material has the general formula Sb—Al 2 O 3 —C.
8. The battery of claim 1 , wherein battery exhibits a reversible capacity of 200 mAh/g to 400 mAh/g at a current density of C/3 or higher.