Glycomacropeptide medical foods for nutritional management of phenylketonuria and other metabolic disorders
Medical foods containing glycomacroprotein and additional supplemented amounts of arginine, leucine, and optionally other amino acids, such as tyrosine, are disclosed. The medical foods can be used to provide the complete protein requirements for patients having metabolic disorders such as phenylketonuria.
1. A medical food for the management of a metabolic disorder, comprising glycomacropeptide (GMP) and two or more supplemental amino acids, wherein:
(a) the total weight of the supplemental amino acids is from about 22% to 38% of the total weight of the protein from the GMP and the supplemental amino acids together; and
(b) one of the supplemental amino acids is arginine and the weight ratio within the medical food of the amino acid arginine to total protein from the GMP and the supplemental amino acids together is from about 60 to 90 milligrams arginine/gram total protein.
2. The medical food of claim 1 , wherein the medical food does not contain a supplemented amount of the amino acid tyrosine.
3. The medical food of claim 1 , wherein the medical food is in the form of a beverage, a bar, a wafer, a pudding, a gelatin, a cracker, a fruit leather, a nut butter, a sauce, a salad dressing, a crisp cereal piece, a flake, a puff, a pellet, or an extruded solid.
4. The medical food of claim 1 , wherein the two or more supplemental amino acids comprise two or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of arginine, leucine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and histidine.
5. The medical food of claim 4 , wherein the two or more supplemental amino acids comprise arginine and leucine.
6. The medical food of claim 4 , wherein the two or more supplemental amino acids comprise tyrosine.
7. A method of making a medical food for the management of a metabolic disorder, the method comprising the step of mixing glycomacropeptide (GMP) and two or more supplemental amino acids to make a food, wherein:
(a) the total weight of the supplemental amino acids is from about 22% to 38% of the total weight of the protein from the GMP and the supplemental amino acids together; and
(b) one of the supplemental amino acids is arginine and the weight ratio within the medical food of the amino acid arginine to total protein from the GMP and the supplemental amino acids together is from about 60 to 90 milligrams arginine/gram total protein.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the two or more supplemental amino acids comprise two or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of arginine, leucine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and histidine.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the two or more supplemental amino acids comprise arginine and leucine.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the two or more supplemental amino acids do not comprise tyrosine.
11. A method of treating a metabolic disorder, comprising administering to a human having a metabolic disorder a medical food comprising glycomacropeptide (GMP) and two or more supplemental amino acids, wherein the metabolic disorder is selected from a Phenylalanine metabolism disorder, a Tyrosine metabolism disorder, a Tryptophan metabolism disorder, and a Histidine metabolism disorder, and wherein:
(a) the total weight of the supplemental amino acids in the medical food is from about 22% to 38% of the total weight of the protein from the GMP and the supplemental amino acids together; and
(b) one of the supplemental amino acids is arginine and the weight ratio within the medical food of the amino acid arginine to total protein from the GMP and the supplemental amino acids together is from about 60 to 90 milligrams arginine/gram total protein.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the two or more supplemental amino acids comprise arginine and leucine.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the two or more supplemental amino acids do not comprise tyrosine.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the metabolic disorder is a Tyrosine metabolism disorder.