Conductive member for electrophotographic image forming apparatus

1. A conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using a modified polymer body as a material for a portion including an outermost surface of the conductive member, wherein

the modified polymer body comprises:

a polymer body composed of a polymer material containing carbon-carbon double bonds;

first binding parts bound to the surface of the polymer body, the first binding parts being such that an organic group having a functional group is bound via an isocyanuric acid skeleton to the surface of the polymer body; and

second binding parts bound to the surface of the polymer body, the second binding parts being such that an organic group having a functional group is directly bound to the surface of the polymer body without interposing an isocyanuric acid skeleton,

wherein the organic group in the first binding parts and the organic group in the second binding parts are groups both derived from an identical organic compound.

2. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 1 ,

wherein the functional group in both the first binding parts and the second binding parts is one or is one or two or more selected from a silicone group, a fluorine-containing group, an ester group, an amide group, an amino group, an epoxy group, a carbonyl group, a hydroxy group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, an imide group, an ether group, an aryl group, an azo group, a diazo group, a nitro group, a heterocyclic group, a mesoionic group, a halogen group, an imino group, an alkyl group, an acyl group, a formyl group, a urea group, a urethane group and a cyano group.

3. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 1 ,

wherein the organic group having the functional group is a group derived from an organic compound having the functional group and the carbon-carbon double bond.

4. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 1 ,

wherein a concentration distribution of an atom specific to the functional group over the depth direction from the outermost surface of the polymer body is such that the concentration of the atom specific to the functional group is maximum at the outermost surface of the polymer body.

5. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 1 ,

wherein a chlorine atom exists in the surface of the polymer body, and

wherein a concentration distribution of the chlorine atom over the depth direction from the outermost surface of the polymer body is such that the concentration of the chlorine atom is maximum in a position deeper than the outermost surface of the polymer body.

6. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 2 ,

wherein the organic group having the functional group is a group derived from an organic compound having the functional group and the carbon-carbon double bond.

7. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 2 ,

wherein a concentration distribution of an atom specific to the functional group over the depth direction from the outermost surface of the polymer body is such that the concentration of the atom specific to the functional group is maximum at the outermost surface of the polymer body.

8. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 2 ,

wherein a chlorine atom exists in the surface of the polymer body, and

wherein a concentration distribution of the chlorine atom over the depth direction from the outermost surface of the polymer body is such that the concentration of the chlorine atom is maximum in a position deeper than the outermost surface of the polymer body.

9. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 6 ,

wherein a concentration distribution of an atom specific to the functional group over the depth direction from the outermost surface of the polymer body is such that the concentration of the atom specific to the functional group is maximum at the outermost surface of the polymer body.

10. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 6 ,

wherein a chlorine atom exists in the surface of the polymer body, and

wherein a concentration distribution of the chlorine atom over the depth direction from the outermost surface of the polymer body is such that the concentration of the chlorine atom is maximum in a position deeper than the outermost surface of the polymer body.

11. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 9 ,

wherein a chlorine atom exists in the surface of the polymer body, and

wherein a concentration distribution of the chlorine atom over the depth direction from the outermost surface of the polymer body is such that the concentration of the chlorine atom is maximum in a position deeper than the outermost surface of the polymer body.

12. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 3 ,

wherein a concentration distribution of an atom specific to the functional group over the depth direction from the outermost surface of the polymer body is such that the concentration of the atom specific to the functional group is maximum at the outermost surface of the polymer body.

13. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 3 ,

wherein a chlorine atom exists in the surface of the polymer body, and

wherein a concentration distribution of the chlorine atom over the depth direction from the outermost surface of the polymer body is such that the concentration of the chlorine atom is maximum in a position deeper than the outermost surface of the polymer body.

14. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 12 ,

wherein a chlorine atom exists in the surface of the polymer body, and

wherein a concentration distribution of the chlorine atom over the depth direction from the outermost surface of the polymer body is such that the concentration of the chlorine atom is maximum in a position deeper than the outermost surface of the polymer body.

15. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 3 ,

wherein the organic compound has a chemical structure represented by Formula 1:

wherein R 1 is —X 2 —X 1 or —X 1 ; X 1 is one or two or more selected from a silicone group, a fluorine-containing group, an ester group, an amide group, an amino group, an epoxy group, a carbonyl group, a hydroxy group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, an imide group, an ether group, an aryl group, an azo group, a diazo group, a nitro group, a heterocyclic group, a mesoionic group, a halogen group, an imino group, an alkyl group, an acyl group, a formyl group, a urea group, a urethane group and a cyano group; X 2 is one selected from an ester group, an ether group, a carbonyl group, an urethane group and an amide group; and R 2 to R 4 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups.

16. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 3 ,

wherein the organic compound has a chemical structure represented by Formula 5:

 wherein n is a positive integer.

17. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 3 ,

wherein the organic compound has a chemical structure represented by Formula 6:

wherein n is a positive integer.

18. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 3 ,

wherein the organic compound has a chemical structure represented by Formula 7:

19. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein

the first binding parts are such that the isocyanuric acid skeleton is bound to the surface of the polymer body by a C—N bond and the organic group is bound to the isocyanuric acid skeleton by a N—C bond; and

the second binding parts are such that the organic group is bound to the surface of the polymer body by a C—C bond.

20. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein

the conductive member is a conductive roll or a conductive belt.

21. The conductive member for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to claim 1 ,

wherein the organic group having the functional group in both the first binding parts and the second binding parts is derived from an organic compound selected from the group consisting of organic compounds having a chemical structure represented by formula 5, formula 6, or formula 7 below:

 wherein n is a positive integer;

wherein n is a positive integer; and