Solvent-free crosslinked polyrotaxane material and process for production of same
A material comprising crosslinked polyrotaxanes which exhibits desired viscoelasticity, particularly stress-strain characteristics with a wide low-stress region, in spite of being free from solvent; and a process for production of the same. The material comprises a first polyrotaxane bearing first cyclic molecules and a second polyrotaxane bearing second cyclic molecules, and the first and second polyrotaxanes are crosslinked via the first and second cyclic molecules. The material is free from solvent and exhibits a stress of 2.0 MPa or below at 50% strain.
1. A method for producing a material comprising a first polyrotaxane and a second polyrotaxane,
wherein the first and second polyrotaxanes are crosslinked with each other,
the material is free from solvent, and
the material has a stress at 50% strain (δ50) of 2.0 MPa or less;
the method comprising the steps of:
a) preparing the first polyrotaxane, wherein the first polyrotaxane comprises a first pseudopolyrotaxane, which has a first linear molecule and a first cyclic molecule(s) in which the first linear molecule is included in a cavity of each of the first cyclic molecule(s) in a skewered manner, and first capping groups, each of which locates at each end of the first pseudopolyrotaxane in order to prevent the dissociation of the first cyclic molecule(s), the first cyclic molecule has a first active group, and the first linear molecule is polyethylene glycol;
b) preparing the second polyrotaxane, wherein the second polyrotaxane comprises a second pseudopolyrotaxane, which has a second linear molecule and a second cyclic molecule(s) in which the second linear molecule is included in a cavity of each of the second cyclic molecule(s) in a skewered manner, and second capping groups, each of which locates at each end of the second pseudopolyrotaxane in order to prevent the dissociation of the second cyclic molecule(s), the second cyclic molecule has a second active group, and the second linear molecule is polyethylene glycol; and
c) mixing and reacting i) the first polyrotaxane; ii) the second polyrotaxane; and iii) a crosslinking compound, which has a first reactive group and a second reactive group, each of which is reactive with the first and second active groups, respectively, and which has a polymeric moiety comprising repeating units of 10 or more between the first and second reactive groups, to obtain the material.
2. A method for producing a material comprising a first polyrotaxane and a second polyrotaxane,
wherein the first and second polyrotaxanes are crosslinked with each other,
the material is free from solvent, and
the material has a stress at 50% strain (δ50) of 2.0 MPa or less;
the method comprising the steps of:
a) preparing the first polyrotaxane, wherein the first polyrotaxane comprises a first pseudopolyrotaxane, which has a first linear molecule and a first cyclic molecule(s) in which the first linear molecule is included in a cavity of each of the first cyclic molecule(s) in a skewered manner, and first capping groups, each of which locates at each end of the first pseudopolyrotaxane in order to prevent the dissociation of the first cyclic molecule(s), the first cyclic molecule has a first active group, and the first linear molecule is polyethylene glycol;
b) preparing the second polyrotaxane, wherein the second polyrotaxane comprises a second pseudopolyrotaxane, which has a second linear molecule and a second cyclic molecule(s) in which the second linear molecule is included in a cavity of each of the second cyclic molecule(s) in a skewered manner, and second capping groups, each of which locates at each end of the second pseudopolyrotaxane in order to prevent the dissociation of the second cyclic molecule(s), the second cyclic molecule has a second active group, and the second linear molecule is polyethylene glycol; and
c) mixing and reacting i) the first polyrotaxane; ii) the second polyrotaxane; and iii) a crosslinking compound, which has a first reactive group and a second reactive group, each of which is reactive with the first and second active groups, respectively, and which has a polymeric moiety having number average molecular weight of 1,000 or more between the first and second reactive groups, to obtain the material.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the material has a stress at 100% strain (δ100) of 2.5 MPa or less.
4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the material has a stress at 100% strain (δ100) of 2.5 MPa or less.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the material has breaking extension ratio of more than 100%.
6. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the material has breaking extension ratio of more than 100%.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polymeric moiety is polyether, polyester, polysiloxane, polycarbonate, poly(meth)acrylate or polyene, or copolymer thereof.
8. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the polymeric moiety is polyether, polyester, polysiloxane, polycarbonate, poly(meth)acrylate or polyene, or copolymer thereof.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the active group is derived from an —OH group,
the reactive group or the functional group is an isocyanate group,
the polymeric moiety is polyether, polyester or polysiloxane.
10. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the active group is derived from an —OH group,
the reactive group or the functional group is an isocyanate group,
the polymeric moiety is polyether, polyester or polysiloxane.
11. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of producing the crosslinking compound, wherein the step of producing the crosslinking compound comprises a step of reacting a polymer having a site to which a reactive group may be added with a compound having at least two reactive groups, to obtain the crosslinking compound.
12. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising a step of producing the crosslinking compound, wherein the step of producing the crosslinking compound comprises a step of reacting a polymer having a site to which a reactive group may be added with a compound having at least two reactive groups, to obtain the crosslinking compound.
13. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of producing the crosslinking compound, wherein the step of producing the crosslinking compound comprises a step of producing a polymeric moiety by polymerizing a monomer, and during the step, imparting a compound which becomes the reacting group.
14. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising a step of producing the crosslinking compound, wherein the step of producing the crosslinking compound comprises a step of producing a polymeric moiety by polymerizing a monomer, and during the step, imparting a compound which becomes the reacting group.