Toner
A toner comprising toner particles which comprise a binder resin and a colorant, and also inorganic fine particles as external additives, wherein the inorganic fine particles are silica fine particles and a group 2 element titanate fine particles, the inorganic fine particles have specific particle diameters, the silica fine particles have a coverage ratio X1 on the surfaces of the toner particles, which is not less than 40.0 surface area % and not more than 75.0 surface area %, when the theoretical coverage ratio by the silica fine particles is X2, the diffusion index defined as “diffusion index=X1/X2” satisfies the condition: diffusion index≧−0.0042×X1+0.62, and the external additives have an embedding ratio on the toner particles, which satisfies a specific range.
1. A toner comprising:
toner particles each comprising a binder resin and a colorant; and
as external additives, inorganic fine particles A and inorganic fine particles B, wherein
the inorganic fine particles A are group 2 element titanate fine particles,
the group 2 element titanate fine particles have a number-average particle diameter (D1) of primary particles thereof, which is not less than 60 nm and not more than 200 nm,
the inorganic fine particles B are silica fine particles,
the silica fine particles have a number-average particle diameter (D1) of primary particles thereof, which is not less than 5 nm and not more than 20 nm,
the silica fine particles have a coverage ratio X1 on surfaces of the toner particles, as determined with an x-ray photoelectron spectrometer (ESCA spectrometer), which is not less than 40.0 surface area % and not more than 75.0 surface area %,
when the theoretical coverage ratio by the silica fine particles is X2, a diffusion index defined by Formula 1 below satisfies Formula 2 below:
diffusion index= X 1 /X 2 Formula 1
diffusion index≧−0.0042× X 1+0.62 Formula 2
and
the external additives have an embedding ratio on the toner particles, which is not less than 25% and not more than 60%.
2. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the group 2 element titanate fine particles are strontium titanate fine particles.
3. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner particles have an average circularity of not less than 0.960.
4. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of group 2 element titanate fine particles that are free (free ratio) is not less than 20% and not more than 70%.
5. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the silica fine particles have a bulk density of not less than 15 g/L and not more than 50 g/L.
6. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner includes not less than 0.1 mass part and not more than 1.0 mass part of the group 2 element titanate fine particles per 100 mass parts of the toner particles.
7. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner particles are obtained by dispersing a polymerizable monomer composition comprising a polymerizable monomer and a colorant in an aqueous medium and effecting granulation, and then polymerizing the polymerizable monomer present in the particles formed by the granulation.
8. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the group 2 element titanate fine particles have a number-average particle diameter (D1) of primary particles thereof, which is not less than 80 nm and not more than 150 nm.
9. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the silica fine particles have a number-average particle diameter of primary particles thereof, which is not less than 5 nm and not more than 15 nm.
10. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the silica fine particles have a specific surface area, as measured by the BET method using nitrogen adsorption, of not less than 20 m 2 /g and not more than 350 m 2 /g.