Shape memory polymers and methods of use
The presently-disclosed subject matter includes a compound comprising a first monomer, which is allyl-functionalized and crosslinkable, and a second monomer, which is not crosslinkable. In some embodiments the compounds are photocrosslinkable, and in certain embodiments are photocrosslinkable by ultraviolet light. Also provided are shape memory vascular grafts comprised the of present compounds that can transition from a temporary shape to an original shape when heated above a melting temperature of the graft. Still further provided are methods for treating vascular conditions that utilize embodiments of the present grafts.
1. A vascular graft, comprising:
a plurality of crosslinked polymers, the polymers including a first monomer that is allyl-functionalized and crosslinkable and a second monomer that is not crosslinkable;
wherein the crosslinked polymers include crosslinks comprising covalent bonds between allyl groups of the allyl-functionalized first monomers; and
wherein the graft is capable of transforming between a temporary shape and an original shape.
2. The graft of claim 1 , wherein first monomer includes an allyl carboxylate group.
3. The graft of claim 1 , wherein the first monomer, the second monomer, or both are an ester.
4. The graft of claim 1 , wherein the first monomer, the second monomer, or both include ε-caprolactone (CL).
5. The graft of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of crosslinked polymers include a poly(ε-caprolactone)-co-(α-allyl carboxylate ε-caprolactone polymer.
6. The graft of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of crosslinked polymers include about 1 mol % to about 30 mol % of the first monomer.
7. The graft of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of crosslinked polymers include a melting temperature of about 20° C. to about 50° C.
8. The graft of claim 7 , wherein the graft is configured to transform from the temporary shape to the original shape when heated above a melting temperature of the plurality of crosslinked polymers.
9. The graft of claim 7 , wherein the temporary shape is selected from a thread, a sheet, tubular shape, a shape corresponding to a blood vessel, a vascular patch, a vascular bypass graft, a vascular stent, and combinations thereof.
10. The graft of claim 7 , wherein the original shape is selected from a thread, a sheet, tubular shape, a shape corresponding to a blood vessel, a vascular patch, a vascular bypass graft, a vascular stent, and combinations thereof.
11. The graft of claim 7 , further comprising a bioactive agent.
12. The graft of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of crosslinked polymers are biodegradable, biocompatible, or both.
13. A method for treating a vascular condition, comprising:
administering a vascular graft in a temporary shape to a subject in need thereof, the graft comprising a plurality crosslinked polymers that include a first monomer that is allyl-functionalized and crosslinkable and a second monomer that is not crosslinkable wherein the crosslinked polymers include crosslinks comprising covalent bonds between allyl groups of the allyl-functionalized first monomers; and
allowing the vascular graft to transform from the temporary shape to an original shape.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the graft is configured to transform from the temporary shape to the original shape when heated above a melting temperature of the plurality of polymers.
15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising, before the administering step, cooling the graft in the temporary shape to a temperature below the melting temperature.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the temporary shape is selected from a thread, a sheet, tubular shape, a shape corresponding to a blood vessel, a vascular patch, a vascular bypass graft, a vascular stent, and combinations thereof.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the graft in the original shape is selected from a thread, a sheet, tubular shape, a shape corresponding to a blood vessel, a vascular patch, a vascular bypass graft, a vascular stent, and combinations thereof.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the graft in the temporary shape includes a thread shape;
the graft in the original shape includes a vascular bypass graft; and
the administering step includes coupling the graft along a section of a blood vessel.
19. The method of claim 13 , wherein:
the graft in the original shape includes a vascular stent; and
the administering step includes coupling the graft around a section of a blood vessel.
20. The method of claim 13 , wherein the vascular condition is selected from a stroke, an aneurism, an ischemic vessel, a hemorrhage, an occlusion, a ruptured vessel, a rupture-prone vessel, stenosis, arteriosclerosis, peripheral artery disease, an arteriovenous fistula, and combinations thereof.