Radial counterflow reactor with applied radiant energy
An improvement is described for the processing of biological material in a continuous stream by the application of radiant energy taken from the wavelengths from infrared to ultraviolet, and its absorption by a feedstock in a workspace of featuring controlled turbulence created by one or more counter-rotating disk impellers. The absorbed energy and the controlled turbulence patterns create a continuous process of productive change in a feed into the reactor, with separated light and heavy product output streams flowing both inward and outward from the axis in radial counterflow. The basic mechanism of processing can be applied to a wide range of feedstocks, from the promotion of the growth of algae to make biofuel or other forms of aquaculture, to a use in the controlled combustion of organic material to make biochar.
1. A radial counterflow apparatus with radiant energy applied to the transformation of a feed, comprising:
a source of radiant energy in a wavelength from infrared to ultraviolet;
two counter-rotatable disk impellers with a common axis of rotation, defining a workspace between them, the disk impellers being at least one of optically transparent or thermally conductive to the radiant energy, at least one impeller having an output deflector wall;
a baffle disposed between said two coaxial counter-rotatable disk impellers;
an axial feed port approximately centered on said axis of rotation, disposed underneath the baffle, and communicating with the workspace;
a feed transport communicating with the axial feed port;
a heavy products exhaust port located on the periphery of the workspace to receive heavy products including any heavy products deflected from the deflector wall;
an axial exhaust port approximately centered on said axis of rotation, disposed above the baffle, and communicating with the workspace;
an axial suction pump communicating with the axial exhaust port;
a drive wheel to cause counter-rotation connected to the disk impellers, and a feed.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the radiant energy comprises visible light, and at least one of said disk impellers comprise a transparent portion adjacent the workspace.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the source of radiant energy comprises an infrared source embedded in at least one of said disk impellers being conductive to the radiant energy.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said disk impellers narrow in separation toward the periphery of the workspace.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said disk impellers comprise vanes extending into the workspace, the vanes of the disk impellers being disposed in opposition across the workspace.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said disk impellers comprise rugose ridges, the rugose ridges of the disk impellers being disposed in opposition across the workspace.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one of said disk impellers comprises an annular crossflow filter.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said baffle comprises vanes extending into the workspace.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the peripheral drive wheel contacts both of the two counter-rotatable disk impellers.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the feed comprises algae, water, carbon dioxide and nutrients.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein lipids are extracted through the axial exhaust port by the axial suction pump.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the drive wheel comprises a straight bevel gear.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the drive wheel comprises a spiral bevel gear.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a drive track to connect to the drive wheel.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising sleeper wheels.