Membrane separation of olefin and paraffin mixtures
A metal exchanged fluorinated ionomer is a copolymer minimally including repeating units of (i) a polymerized derivative of a perfluorinated cyclic or cyclizable monomer and (ii) a strong acid highly fluorinated vinylether compound in which the acid moiety is exchanged with a cation of a Group 11 metal. Metal exchanged fluorinated ionomers are readily soluble and can be formed into thin, selectively gas permeable membranes by solution deposition methods. These membranes are suitable for separating olefins from gas olefin/paraffin mixtures. Good selectivity and transmembrane flux can be obtained without humidifying the membrane feed gas mixture.
1. A neutral gas separation ionomer comprising repeat units A and B in which A is a polymerized derivative of a perfluorinated cyclic or cyclizable organic compound,
and B has the formula
in which X is —SO 2 — or —CO—, Y is —O − or —[NSO 2 R f 1 ] − , R f is perfluoroalkylene optionally containing one or more ether groups, and having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R f 1 is perfluoroalkyl optionally containing one or more ether groups, and having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and M is a Group 11 metal ion;
wherein the neutral gas separation ionomer has a selectivity of propylene to propane of 9.0 or more.
2. The neutral gas separation ionomer as recited in claim 1 wherein in which the perfluorinated cyclic or cyclizable compound is selected from the group consisting of perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole (“PDD”), perfluoro-2-methylene-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane (“PMD”), perfluoro (alkenyl vinylether) (“PFVE”), and 2,2,4-trifluoro-5-trifluoromethoxy-1,3-dioxole (“TFMD”).
3. The neutral gas separation ionomer as recited in claim 1 wherein R f is one or more of —CF 2 CF 2 —, —CF 2 CF(CF 3 )OCF 2 CF 2 —, or (CF 2 ) 4 —.
4. The neutral gas separation ionomer as recited in claim 1 wherein M is silver.
5. The neutral gas separation ionomer as recited in claim 3 wherein M is silver.
6. The neutral gas separation ionomer as recited in claim 1 , wherein repeat unit A has a concentration of at least 60 mole %.
7. A gas separation membrane comprising a nonporous selectively permeable membrane layer consisting essentially of a neutral gas separation ionomer as described in claim 1 .
8. The gas separation membrane as recited in claim 7 wherein the perfluorinated cyclic or cyclizable compound is selected from the group consisting of perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole (“PDD”), perfluoro-2-methylene-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane (“PMD”), perfluoro (alkenyl vinylether) (“PFVE”), and 2,2,4-trifluoro-5-trifluoromethoxy-1,3-dioxole (“TFMD”).
9. The gas separation membrane as recited in claim 8 wherein R f is one or more of —CF 2 CF 2 —, —CF 2 CF(CF 3 )OCF 2 CF 2 —, or —(CF 2 ) 4 —.
10. The gas separation membrane as recited in claim 7 wherein M is silver.
11. The gas separation membrane as recited in claim 9 wherein M is silver.
12. A method of separating one or more olefins from a mixture of said olefin with one or more paraffins, comprising, (A) providing one or more membranes comprising a nonporous layer of a neutral gas separation ionomer as described in claim 1 ;
(B) contacting a feed side of said membrane with said mixture; and
(C) applying a driving force to cause said olefins to preferentially permeate relative to said paraffins to a permeate side of said membrane.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein said feed mixture and permeate products are fluids, and in which the step of applying a driving force comprises contacting said permeate side of said membrane with a sweep fluid.
14. The method as recited in claim 13 in which said sweep fluid is a sweep gas which comprises an olefin, and a permeate product is at a lower pressure than the pressure of said mixture.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein said feed mixture comprises a pair of compounds from the group consisting of (i) ethylene and ethane, (ii) propylene and propane, or (iii) a butene and butane.
16. A solution of a neutral gas separation ionomer as described in claim 1 in a polar solvent system.
17. The solution of neutral gas separation ionomer as recited in claim 16 wherein said polar solvent system comprises about 10-100 vol. % organic polar solvent and a complementary amount of fluorinated solvent to total 100 vol %.
18. The solution of neutral gas separation ionomer as recited in claim 17 wherein said polar solvent system consists essentially of organic polar solvent.
19. The solution of neutral gas separation ionomer as recited in claim 16 wherein said perfluorinated cyclic or cyclizable compound is selected from the group consisting of perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole, perfluoro-2-methylene-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane), a perfluoro(alkenyl vinyl ether), or 2,2,4-trifluoro-5-trifluoromethoxy-1,3-dioxole.