Method for making a dense sic based ceramic product
A process for obtaining granules for manufacturing a silicon carbide based sintered product, includes a) mixing a powder of silicon carbide SiC particles, whose average diameter d 50 is at least about 2 micrometers with a powder of a boron compound particles, whose average diameter d 50 is at least about 2 micrometers, the SiC particles content being more than 90% by weight of the powder mixture; b) co-milling the powder mixture until the overall average diameter d 50 of the resulting particles is between 0.3 and 1 micrometers; c) chemically treating the powder mixture by base solution and acid wash; d) mixing the powder mixture of c) with 1 to 10% by weight, based upon the silicon carbide content, of a carbon containing resin having a water miscibility of more than 10:50, as measured according to the ISO8989 standard, and e) spray-drying the resulting mixture of d), to generate the granules.
1. A process for obtaining granules useful for the manufacture of a silicon carbide based sintered product, comprising:
a) mixing a first powder of silicon carbide SiC particles, whose average diameter d 50 is about 2 micrometers or more than 2 micrometers with a second powder of a boron compound particles, whose average diameter d 50 is about 2 micrometers or more than 2 micrometers, the SiC particles content being more than 90% by weight of a powder mixture of the first and second powders;
b) co-milling the powder mixture of SiC and boron compound particles until the overall average diameter D 50 of the resulting particles size is between 0.3 and 1 micrometers;
c) chemically treating the powder mixture at least by base solution and then by acid wash;
d) mixing the powder mixture coming from step c) with 1 to 10% by weight, based upon the silicon carbide content, of a carbon containing resin having a water miscibility of more than 10:50, as measured according to the ISO8989 standard, and
e) spray-drying the resulting mixture from step d), so as to generate said granules.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the chemically treating is performed under basic followed by acidic conditions so as to remove the impurity contents incurred by the raw materials and co-milling and so that the total amount of impurities silicon metal (Si); silica (SiO 2 ); iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) is less than 2% by weight, based upon the silicon carbide content.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the carbon containing resin has a water miscibility, measured according to the ISO8989 standard, of more than 10:100.
4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the average diameter of the particles of the first SiC powder and the second boron compound are both between 3 and 30 micrometers.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the boron compound is a boron carbide B 4 C.
6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein step b) for co-milling is performed under conditions allowing the overall average diameter d 50 of the resulting particles to be about 0.5 micrometers.
7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the carbon containing resin used in step d) is a phenolic resin.
8. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mixing of the powder mixture at step d) includes mixing with a temporary binder, the temporary binder chosen amongst the polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic resin, stearic acid, mono-ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, the concentration of the temporary binder being in the range of 0.5% to 8% by weight, based upon the silicon carbide content.
9. A composite granule which can be obtained by a process according to claim 1 , formed by an inorganic part comprising essentially silicon carbide particles and boron carbide particles and by an organic part comprising at least a carbon containing resin, the inorganic particles being scattered in said resin, said granules having the following features:
an average size of between 20 to 2000 micrometers,
a silicon carbide (SiC) content of more than 80% by weight, and less than 99%,
a free carbon content of at most 3% by weight,
a boron content of between 0.5 to 3% by weight,
said boron being scattered in the granules so that the boron compound arises within the resin
as agglomerates whose equivalent diameter is at most 5 micrometers.
10. The composite granule as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the silicon carbide (SiC) content is more than 88% by weight and less than 92% by weight.
11. The composite granule as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the free carbon content is less than 2.5% by weight.
12. The composite granule as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the equivalent diameter of the boron compound agglomerates is less than 3 micrometers.
13. The composite granule as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the carbon containing resin is a phenolic resin.
14. A process for the manufacture of a silicon carbide based sintered product with a high mechanical strength, comprising:
shaping the granules according to claim 9 , said shaping being performed in such a manner as to form a body with desired shapes,
carbonizing the organic part,
pressureless sintering, under a non-oxidizing atmosphere, the granules, at a temperature in the range between 2000° C. and 2400° C.
15. A silicon carbide based sintered product obtainable by the pressureless sintering of the shaped previous granules according to claim 9 , wherein a mechanical strength is higher or equal to 500 MPa, as measured using a cold bending four point strength test according to the ASTM C1161-02.c standard.
16. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mixing in step d) is carried out with a temporary binder and optionally a lubricant.
17. The process as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the carbon containing resin used in step d) is a resol phenolic resin.
18. The composite granule as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the average size of the granules is between 50 to 1000 micrometers.
19. The composite granule as claimed in claim 18 , wherein the average size of the granules is between 80 to 300 micrometers.
20. The composite granule as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the free carbon content is at most 2.5% by weight.
21. The composite granule as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the phenolic resin is a resol phenolic resin.
22. The process as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the carbonizing is performed under no-oxidizing atmosphere and at a temperature lower than 1000° C.
23. The process as claimed in claim 22 , wherein the carbonizing is performed under argon.
24. A process for obtaining granules useful for the manufacture of a silicon carbide based sintered product, comprising:
co-milling a powder mixture of a first powder of silicon carbide SiC particles and of a second powder of boron compound particles, the silicon carbide SiC particles and the boron compound particles having an average diameter d 50 of at least about 2 micrometers, the SiC particles content being more than 90% by weight of the powder mixture, the co-milling of the powder mixture carried out until an overall average diameter D 50 of the resulting co-milled particles is between 0.3 and 1 micrometers;
chemically treating the powder mixture by base solution and by acid wash;
mixing the chemically treated powder mixture with 1 to 10% by weight, based upon the silicon carbide content, of a carbon containing resin having a water miscibility of more than 10:50, as measured according to the ISO8989 standard, to form a resulting mixture, and
spray-drying the resulting mixture so as to generate said granules.