Non-aqueous secondary battery
A non-aqueous secondary battery including an electrolyte solution that contains a lithium salt and a non-aqueous solvent, a positive electrode, and a negative electrode, wherein a basis weight of a positive-electrode active material layer included in the positive electrode is 8 to 100 mg/cm 2 , and/or, a basis weight of a negative-electrode active material layer included in the negative electrode is 3 to 46 mg/cm 2 , and wherein the electrolyte solution has an ion conductivity at 25° C. of 15 mS/cm or more.
1. A non-aqueous secondary battery comprising:
an electrolyte solution that contains a lithium salt and a non-aqueous solvent,
a positive electrode, and
a negative electrode,
wherein a basis weight of a positive-electrode active material layer included in the positive electrode is 8 to 100 mg/cm 2 , and/or, a basis weight of a negative-electrode active material layer included in the negative electrode is 3 to 46 mg/cm 2 ,
wherein the electrolyte solution has an ion conductivity at 25° C. of 20 mS/cm or more, and
wherein the electrolyte solution satisfies Composition 1:
Composition 1:
the electrolyte solution contains acetonitrile, a lithium salt and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds of Formula (1):
R 1 -A-R 2 (1)
wherein R 1 and R 2 each independently represents an alkyl group optionally substituted with an aryl group or a halogen atom, or an aryl group optionally substituted with an alkyl group or a halogen atom, or R 1 and R 2 are bonded to each other to form a cyclic structure that may have an unsaturated bond with A, wherein A represents a divalent group having a structure represented by any one of the following formulae (2), (4) and (5):
wherein the electrolyte solution further contains one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonates having a carbon-carbon double bond.
2. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte solution has an ion conductivity at 25° C. of 50 mS/cm or less.
3. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the basis weight of the positive-electrode active material layer included in the positive electrode is 24 to 100 mg/cm 2 , and/or, the basis weight of the negative-electrode active material layer included in the negative electrode is 10 to 46 mg/cm 2 .
4. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein an electrode active material layer included in at least one of the positive electrode or the negative electrode has a porosity of 20 to 45%.
5. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive-electrode active material layer included in the positive electrode has a porosity of 20 to 45%.
6. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the negative-electrode active material layer included in the negative electrode has a porosity of 20 to 45%.
7. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a content of acetonitrile in the non-aqueous solvent is 5 to 97 vol. %.
8. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a content of acetonitrile in the non-aqueous solvent is 25 to 80 vol. %.
9. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the compound represented by the Formula (1) is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of ethylene sulfite, propylene sulfite, butylene sulfite, pentene sulfite, 1,3-propane sultone, 1,4-butane sultone and 1,3-propanediol sulfate.
10. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium salt is an inorganic lithium salt having a fluorine atom.
11. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 10 , wherein the inorganic lithium salt is LiPF 6 .
12. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 10 , wherein the inorganic lithium salt is LiBF 4 .
13. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 10 , wherein a content of the inorganic lithium salt based on a total amount of the electrolyte solution is 0.1 to 40 mass %.
14. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the organic lithium salt is one or more organic lithium salts selected from the group consisting of lithium bis(oxalato)borate and lithium oxalato difluoroborate.
15. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode contains one or more materials selected from the group consisting of materials capable of doping and dedoping lithium ions as a positive-electrode active material, and the negative electrode contains one or more materials selected from the group consisting of materials capable of doping and dedoping lithium ions and metal lithium as a negative-electrode active material.
16. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 15 , wherein the positive electrode contains a lithium-containing compound as the positive-electrode active material.
17. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 16 , wherein the lithium-containing compound includes one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide having lithium and a metal chalcogenide having lithium.
18. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 15 , wherein the negative electrode contains as the negative-electrode active material one or more materials selected from the group consisting of metal lithium, a carbon material, and a material including an element capable of forming an alloy with lithium.
19. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 15 , wherein the negative electrode contains as the negative-electrode active material a material that dopes lithium ions at a lower potential than 1.4 V vs. Li/Li + .
20. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a positive electrode mixture of the positive electrode includes a positive-electrode active material, a conductive aid, a binder, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of organic acids and organic acid salts.
21. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 20 , wherein the compound includes a divalent or greater organic acid or organic acid salt.
22. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 20 , wherein a thickness of a positive-electrode active material layer produced from the positive electrode mixture is 50 to 300 μm.
23. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode are an electrode formed by coating the positive-electrode active material layer and/or the negative-electrode active material layer on an electrode substrate formed by coating a conductive layer that includes a conductive material on an electrode current collector.
24. The non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 23 , wherein the conductive layer includes a conductive material and a binder.
25. A method for producing the non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1 , comprising the step of performing initial charging of 0.001-0.3 C.
26. The method for producing the non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 25 , wherein the initial charging is performed by charging at a constant voltage during a part of the charging process.