Method for enhancing the mechanical strength of an SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite material
The invention relates to a method for improving the mechanical strength of a ceramic matrix composite material of the SiC/SiC type, this composite material being obtained by (a) forming a fiber preform from 3 rd generation silicon carbide fibers and (b) forming a ceramic matrix around the fiber preform, this ceramic matrix comprising silicon carbide. The method comprises a chemical etching treatment of the surface of the fibers by bringing said fibers into contact with a solution comprising an oxidizer, this treatment being carried out before step (a) or between steps (a) and (b).
1. A method for improving the mechanical strength of a ceramic matrix composite material of the SiC/SiC type, this material being obtained by (a) forming a fiber preform from 3 rd generation silicon carbide fibers and (b) forming a ceramic matrix around the fiber preform, said ceramic matrix comprising silicon carbide, which method comprises a chemical etching treatment of the surface of the fibers by bringing said fibers in contact with a solution comprising an oxidizer, this treatment being carried out before step (a) or between steps (a) and (b).
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the fibers before and after the chemical etching treatment include a carbon content which is larger at the periphery of the fibers than in the core of the fibers.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the bringing of the fibers into contact with the solution is obtained by immersion of the fibers in the solution.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidizer is selected from carbonates of an alkaline or earth alkaline metal, peroxides, hypochlorites of an alkaline or earth alkaline metal, oxidizing acids and permanganates of an alkaline or earth alkaline metal.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the oxidizer is selected from nitric acid, chloric acid, chromic acid, sulfuric acid, calcium hypochlorite, magnesium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, sodium permanganate, potassium permanganate, carbamide peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the oxidizing solution is selected from a 15% by volume solution of hydrogen peroxide, a sodium carbonate solution of concentration 1 M and a 65% by volume solution of nitric acid.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the chemical etching treatment further comprises the application of ultrasonic waves to the solution comprising an oxidizer during the bringing of the fibers into contact with the solution.
8. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising desizing of the silicon carbide fibers before the chemical etching treatment, this desizing step being carried out before step (a) or between the steps (a) and (b).
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon carbide fibers are fibers obtained by thermal decomposition and sintering of a Si—Al—C—O precursor.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the chemical etching treatment removes a sufficient amount of silicon carbide to decrease a surface roughness of the silicon carbide forming the 3 rd generation silicon carbide fibers from an original surface roughness of the 3 rd generation silicon carbide fibers that existed prior to the chemical etching treatment.