Anesthetic compounds and related methods of use

1. A compound according to formula (I)

wherein,

R 1 is L 1 C(O)OL 2 -[C(R 7 R 8 )] p —C(R 9 R 10 )—C(O)OT;

R 2 is R 1 , optionally substituted linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 10 alkynyl optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

each R 3 is independently halogen, CN, CF 3 , SR 2 , SOR 2 , SO 2 R 2 , OR 2 , CO 2 H, CO 2 R 2 , N(R 2 ) 2 , NHR 2 , NO 2 , or R 2 ;

Z is N or CR 6 ;

R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are independently hydrogen, halogen, CN, CF 3 , SR 2 , SOR 2 , SO 2 R 2 , OR 2 , CO 2 H, CO 2 R 2 , N(R 2 ) 2 , NHR 2 , NO 2 , or R 2 ;

R 7 and R 8 are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, or R 7 and R 8 together with the carbon they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3-8 membered cyclyl or heterocyclyl;

R 9 and R 10 are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, optionally substituted C 4 -C 8 cyclyl, optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 heterocyclyl, or R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3-8 membered cyclyl or heterocyclyl, or

R 7 and R 9 together with the carbons they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3-8 membered cyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl;

L 1 and L 2 are independently a bond, optionally substituted linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkylene, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkenylene, or optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkynylene, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkylene, C 2 -C 10 alkenylene, or C 2 -C 10 alkynylene optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

T is H, a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, optionally substituted cyclyl, optionally substituted heterocylcyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, or PEG, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

n is an integer from 0-5; and

p is 0 or 1, provided that at least one of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 is not hydrogen,

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

2. A compound according to formula (I)

wherein, R 1 is L 1 C(O)OL 2 -[C(R 7 R 8 )] p —C(R 9 R 10 )—C(O)OT;

R 2 is R 1 or a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, wherein backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 10 alkynyl can contain one or more heteroatoms;

each R 3 is independently halogen, CN, CF 3 , SR 2 , SOR 2 , SO 2 R 2 , OR 2 , CO 2 H, CO 2 R 2 , N(R 2 ) 2 , NHR 2 , NO 2 , or R 2 ;

Z is N or CR 5 ;

R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are independently hydrogen, halogen, CN, CF 3 , SR 2 , SOR 2 , SO 2 R 2 , OR 2 , CO 2 H, CO 2 R 2 , N(R 2 ) 2 , NHR 2 , NO 2 , or R 2 ;

R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are independently hydrogen, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, or R 7 and R 8 together with the carbon they are attached to form a 3-8 membered cyclyl or heterocyclyl, or R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form a 3-8 membered cyclyl or heterocyclyl, provided that at least one of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 is not hydrogen, and wherein the backbone of the C 1 -C 20 alkylene, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 10 alkynyl can contain one or more heteroatoms;

L 1 and L 2 are independently a bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkylene, C 2 -C 10 alkenylene, or C 2 -C 10 alkynylene, wherein backbone of alkylene can contain one or more heteroatoms;

T is H, a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, optionally substituted cyclyl, optionally substituted heterocylcyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, or PEG, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl can contain one or more heteroatoms;

n is an integer from 0-5; and

p is 0 or 1.

3. A compound having a structure of formula (I):

wherein

R 1 is L 1 C(O)OL 2 -[C(R 7 R 8 )] p —C(R 9 R 10 )—C(O)OT;

R 2 is R 1 or a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 10 alkynyl optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

each R 3 is independently halogen, CN, CF 3 , SR 2 , SOR 2 , SO 2 R 2 , OR 2 , CO 2 H, CO 2 R 2 , N(R 2 ) 2 , NHR 2 , NO 2 , or R 2 ;

Z is N or CR 6 ;

R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are independently hydrogen, halogen, CN, CF 3 , SR 2 , SOR 2 , SO 2 R 2 , OR 2 , CO 2 H, CO 2 R 2 , N(R 2 ) 2 , NHR 2 , NO 2 , or R 2 ;

R 7 and R 8 are independently hydrogen, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, or R 7 and R 8 taken together form an optionally substituted 3-8 membered carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl;

R 9 and R 10 are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C 4 -C 8 cyclyl or optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 heterocyclyl, with the proviso that at least one of R 9 , and R 10 is not hydrogen;

or R 7 and R 9 taken together form an optionally substituted 3-8 membered carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;

L 1 and L 2 are independently a bond, a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkylene, C 2 -C 10 alkenylene, or C 2 -C 10 alkynylene; wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkylene, C 2 -C 10 alkenylene, or C 2 -C 10 alkynylene optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

T is hydrogen, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, optionally substituted cyclyl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, or PEG, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 10 alkynyl optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

each n is an integer of 0-5; and

each p is 0 or 1,

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

4. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure of formula (IA):

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

5. The compound of claim 4 , wherein Z is N.

6. The compound of claim 4 , wherein R 4 and R 5 are each hydrogen.

7. The compound of claim 4 , wherein R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form a 3-, 4-, 5, or 6- membered cyclyl.

8. The compound of claim 4 , wherein R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form a 3-, 4-, 5, or 6- membered heterocyclyl.

9. The compound of claim 4 , wherein R 2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, or 2,2-dimethylbutyl.

10. The compound of claim 4 , wherein T is methyl or ethyl.

11. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure of formula (IB):

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

12. The compound of claim 11 , wherein Z is N.

13. The compound of claim 11 , wherein R 4 and R 5 are each hydrogen.

14. The compound of claim 11 , wherein R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form a 3-, 4-, 5, or 6- membered cyclyl.

15. The compound of claim 11 , wherein R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form a 3-, 4-, 5, or 6- membered heterocyclyl.

16. The compound of claim 11 , wherein R 2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, or 2,2-dimethylbutyl.

17. The compound of claim 11 , wherein T is methyl or ethyl.

18. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure of formula (IC):

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

19. The compound of claim 18 , wherein Z is N.

20. The compound of claim 18 , wherein R 4 and R 5 are each hydrogen.

21. The compound of claim 18 , wherein R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form a 3-, 4-, 5, or 6- membered cyclyl.

22. The compound of claim 18 , wherein R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form a 3-, 4-, 5, or 6- membered heterocyclyl.

23. The compound of claim 18 , wherein R 2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, or 2,2-dimethylbutyl.

24. The compound of claim 18 , wherein T is methyl or ethyl.

25. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

26. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

27. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure selected from the group consisting of

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

28. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure:

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

29. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure:

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

30. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure:

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

31. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure:

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

32. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure:

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

33. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure:

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

34. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure:

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

35. The compound of claim 1 , having a structure:

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.